Design of an electrochemically gated organic semiconductor for pH sensing

Mariani, Federica; Gualandi, Isacco; Tonelli, Domenica; Decataldo, Francesco; Possanzini, Luca; Scavetta, Erika

doi:10.1016/j.elecom.2020.106763

Cited by 20 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…In the last years, several electrochemical textile devices, able to monitor only the pH of sweat in a linear range physiologically relevant for human biofluids, have been proposed (see Table 1). Similarly to other cited studies, our two-terminal sensors keep the robustness of the potentiometric-like transduction as explained in our previous works 37,54 .…”

Section: Artificial Sweat Characterization a Further Relevant Demonsmentioning

confidence: 58%

“…The transduction mechanism, originating the two terminal sensor response was discussed in a recent work 54 . Briefly, the electrochemical potential that is spontaneously generated at the PEDOT:BTB/electrolyte interface can be used to modulate the conductivity of the underlying PEDOT:PSS layer, in analogy with the electrochemical gating described for the Ag/AgCl NPs.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…S3c) differently functionalize the PEDOT:PSS coated threads. Ag/AgCl NPs, owing to the small diameter, succeed in functionalizing almost all the PEDOT:PSS, whereas the PEDOT:BTB acts as a surface coverage 54 , leaving the polymeric material between the fibres in its pristine state (see the inset in Fig. S3c).…”

Section: Single and Multi-thread Detectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Textile sensors platform for the selective and simultaneous detection of chloride ion and pH in sweat

Possanzini

Decataldo

Mariani

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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The development of wearable sensors, in particular fully-textile ones, is one of the most interesting open challenges in bioelectronics. Several and significant steps forward have been taken in the last decade in order to achieve a compact, lightweight, cost-effective, and easy to wear platform for healthcare and sport activities real-time monitoring. We have developed a fully textile, multi-thread biosensing platform that can detect different bioanalytes simultaneously without interference, and, as an example, we propose it for testing chloride ions (Cl−) concentration and pH level. The textile sensors are simple threads, based on natural and synthetic fibers, coated with the conducting polymer poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrene-sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) and properly functionalized with either a nano-composite material or a chemical sensitive dye to obtain Cl− and pH selective sensing functionality, respectively. The single-thread sensors show excellent sensitivity, reproducibility, selectivity, long term stability and the ability to work with small volumes of solution. The performance of the developed textile devices is demonstrated both in buffer solution and in artificial human perspiration to perform on-demand and point-of-care epidermal fluids analysis. The possibility to easily knit or sew the thread sensors into fabrics opens up a new vision for a textile wearable multi-sensing platform achievable in the near future.

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Section: Artificial Sweat Characterization a Further Relevant Demonsmentioning

confidence: 58%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Textile sensors platform for the selective and simultaneous detection of chloride ion and pH in sweat

Possanzini

Decataldo

Mariani

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

Self Cite

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“…The reaction can be limited to the surface, when the impregnated textile is removed from the reactive solution and the oxidation is induced by a stimulus such as heating [ 30 ]. Electrochemical polymerization must be performed on a conductive textile soaked in a solution containing the monomer and an electrolyte [ 27 ]. The application of an anodic potential between the substrate and a reference electrode leads to the monomer oxidation and thus to the polymer formation.…”

Section: Fabrication Of Conductive Textile Based On Conductive Polmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The development of electrochemical textile sensors takes advantage of the recent progress in fiber and textile electronics [ 21 ] to produce conductive fabrics and yarns that will compose the device. A thin conductive film is usually deposited on commercial textiles by screen-printing [ 20 , 22 ], dip coating [ 23 , 24 ], spinning [ 25 , 26 ], electrochemical deposition [ 27 ], oxidative ink-jet printing [ 28 ], in-situ polymerization [ 29 , 30 ], physical vapor deposition [ 31 ] and magnetron sputtering [ 32 ]. The mainly employed conductive species are nanomaterials based on metals and carbon, and conductive polymers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Textile Chemical Sensors Based on Conductive Polymers for the Analysis of Sweat

et al. 2021

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Wearable textile chemical sensors are promising devices due to the potential applications in medicine, sports activities and occupational safety and health. Reaching the maturity required for commercialization is a technology challenge that mainly involves material science because these sensors should be adapted to flexible and light-weight substrates to preserve the comfort of the wearer. Conductive polymers (CPs) are a fascinating solution to meet this demand, as they exhibit the mechanical properties of polymers, with an electrical conductivity typical of semiconductors. Moreover, their biocompatibility makes them promising candidates for effectively interfacing the human body. In particular, sweat analysis is very attractive to wearable technologies as perspiration is a naturally occurring process and sweat can be sampled non-invasively and continuously over time. This review discusses the role of CPs in the development of textile electrochemical sensors specifically designed for real-time sweat monitoring and the main challenges related to this topic.

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Printed pH Sensors for Textile‐Based Wearables: A Conceptual and Experimental Study on Materials, Deposition Technology, and Sensing Principles

et al. 2021

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Human biofluids contain numerous known physical and chemical biomarkers that play a vital role in diagnosing the human's health status. In healthy conditions, these biofluids maintain a strict pH balance with an efficient regulation, and slight changes in pH can be used as an early detector of malfunction or disease. Sweat is such a biofluid and normal sweat has a pH in the range of pH 4.5-6.8. [1] It is possible to track dehydration [2,3] or risk of diabetes [4] and detect cystic fibrosis [5] with the pH readings of perspiration/sputum/urine.Similarly, wound healing is a complex dynamic and multifaceted process consisting of hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling stages. [6] During these different stages, the wound fluid pH could vary between 4.5 and 8.5, [7,8] depending on the type of wound and its complexities in healing. A recent report indicates that the wound management expenditure has grown up to 4% of the health budget contribution in Europe. [9] However, with the help of accurate determination of the wound's pH, very essential physiological information can serve as a source to simplify the entire wound diagnosis and treatment practice. [10][11][12] pH is a measure of acidity or basicity, and in 1909, Sørensen defined the pH scale as the H þ ion molar concentration on a negative logarithm scale. [13] In the same year, scientists developed a pH sensitive glass electrode. [14] Arnold Beckman designed the very first commercial pH measurement system in 1936, which brought about the production of commercial pH meters. [15] It consisted of glass electrodes where the potential difference between the working and reference electrodes indicate the analyte's pH. Those sensor systems are highly sensitive to H þ ions and stable, however, they are fragile, bulky and do not have a suitable form factor to be incorporated for human body in situ measurements. pH sensors

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Design of an electrochemically gated organic semiconductor for pH sensing

Cited by 20 publications

References 35 publications

Textile sensors platform for the selective and simultaneous detection of chloride ion and pH in sweat

Textile sensors platform for the selective and simultaneous detection of chloride ion and pH in sweat

Textile Chemical Sensors Based on Conductive Polymers for the Analysis of Sweat

Printed pH Sensors for Textile‐Based Wearables: A Conceptual and Experimental Study on Materials, Deposition Technology, and Sensing Principles

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