Design of binder jet additive manufactured co-continuous ceramic-reinforced metal matrix composites

Numerical and Experimental Investigation on the Self‐Healing Potential of Interpenetrating Metal–Ceramic Composites

“…[2] Besides the raw material combination, also the reinforcement morphology has a major impact on the properties of an MMC. [3] Composites with an advanced, interpenetrating (also bi-or co-continuous) microstructure allows for an enhancement of various properties such as stiffness, [4,5] strength, [6] toughness, [7] wear, [8,9] as well as thermal expansion. [4,10] In particular, the possibility to combine and optimize two or more different features simulataneously, e.g., mechanical strength and thermal expansion or thermal/electrical conductivity, [11,12] thus creating multifunctional materials makes interpenetrating composites stand out compared to classical particle or fiber-reinforced MMCs.…”

Cast Iron Parts Obtained in Ceramic Molds Produced by Binder Jetting 3D Printing—Morphological and Mechanical Characterization

“…Parts printed using the binder jetting process are porous and have an unfinished surface, unlike selective laser sintering, where the powders are not physically melted and are joined by a binding agent [ 36 ]. While the usage of a binding agent allows high melting temperature, these parts require additional post-processing and more time than it takes to print the part, such as curing, sintering, and additional finishing [ 37 , 38 ]. Even if the binder-jetted parts are weaker than those printed by selective laser sintering, they are an adequate solution and are recommended to be used for developing and producing low-cost metallic parts, such as iron materials [ 39 ].…”

Site-specific control of alloy property through binder jet 3D printing

“…On the other hand, BJ3DP consolidates materials via sintering, which is a solid-state process conducted at a much slower heating and cooling rate, thus generating less residual stress and avoiding hot cracking altogether. On top of that, there is no concern for the laser absorption by different powders in BJ3DP [42,43], enabling the process to be widely applicable to most powdered materials, including steel [44][45][46][47][48], titanium alloy [49][50][51], nickel-based superalloy [52][53][54], copper alloy [55,56], refractory alloy [57,58], ceramics [59][60][61], and metal matrix composite [62,63], etc. Additionally, the densification by sintering produces distinctively different microstructural evolution as compared to PBF or DED process, resulting in different mechanical properties.…”