Design of dental implant using design of experiment and topology optimization: A finite element analysis study

Abstract

Ever since the introduction of topology optimization into the industrial and manufacturing fields, it has been a top priority to maximize the performance of any system by optimizing its geometrical parameters to save material while keeping its functionality unaltered. The purpose of this study is to design a dental implant macro-geometry by removing expendable material using topology optimization and to evaluate its biomechanical function. Three-dimensional finite element models were created of an implant embedded in cortical and cancellous bone. Parameters like the length and diameter of the implant and the bone quality (±20% variation in Young’s modulus, Poisson’s ratio and density for both cortical and cancellous bone) were varied to evaluate their effect on the principal stresses induced on the peri-implant bone tissues and the micromotion of the implant at 150 N applied load. Design optimization is used to select one suitable implant for each material property combination with optimum parameters that experiences the least von Mises stress and axial deformation, out of twenty implants with different length and diameter for each material property combination. Topology optimization was then used on the selected implants to remove the redundant material. The biomechanical functions of the implants with optimized parameter and volume were then evaluated. The finite element analyses estimated that a reduction of 32% to 45% in the implant volume is possible with the implant still retaining all of its functionality.

Finite Element Analysis of the Stress Distribution Associated With Different Implant Designs for Different Bone Densities

“…43 Previous FEA studies reported lower forces on the implant, abutment, and screws than those reported in the present study. 20,21,25,26 The reason for this may be the difference in the implant models investigated in the studies, whether the models are more complex, the difference in the number of nodes and elements, the loadings made under different conditions, and the use of different analysis methods.…”

“…2 However, no previous studies have compared aggressively threaded implants in terms of the stress on different bone types, except for finite element studies of a few thread designs. 17,19,20,22,[24][25][26] The null hypothesis of this study was that there is no difference in the stress levels of different thread designs of implants with different bone types and different abutment angles.…”

“…1 Most previous studies focused on producing a dental implant design that optimizes stress distribution with high primary stability under the applied forces. 7,9,[17][18][19][20][21] These studies suggested that optimally designed implants can improve the osseointegration and primary and secondary stability of the implant.…”

“…The most important of these factors is implant design, which determines primary stability and stress distribution during osteointegration 1 . Most previous studies focused on producing a dental implant design that optimizes stress distribution with high primary stability under the applied forces 7,9,17–21 . These studies suggested that optimally designed implants can improve the osseointegration and primary and secondary stability of the implant.…”

Finite element simulation and statistical investigation of an orthodontic mini-implant’s stability in a novel screw design

“…It is concluded that DOE can play a major role in the design of implants. 25 Taguchi method is one of the most common methods for designing the factorial test. 26 The L 25 orthogonal array was used for the levels shown in Table 4.…”