Design of graphene oxide/gelatin electrospun nanocomposite fibers for tissue engineering applications

Abstract

2D graphene oxide (GO) is used to enhance the mechanical properties of gelatin electrospun fibers. The GO does not show any significant influence on cell viability and cell attachment even though the expression of osteoblast gene is affected.

Graphene Oxide/Polymer‐Based Biomaterials

“…[99] Gelatin is obtained from collagen by acidic or basic hydrolysis or thermal degradation. [6] This sequence leads to rupture of the collagen triple helix into the random coil structure of gelatin. It is a biodegradable, biocompatible, hydrophilic with low cost.…”

“…[1] Natural polymers are biodegradable, non-toxic with low cost, good processability, and renewability as opposed to widely used synthetic polymers, which may release toxic by-products during their degradation. [6] On the other hand, the mechanical properties of natural polymers deteriorate upon chemical processes during their extraction. [6] In general, polymer nanocomposites are of scientific and industrial interest.…”

“…[6] On the other hand, the mechanical properties of natural polymers deteriorate upon chemical processes during their extraction. [6] In general, polymer nanocomposites are of scientific and industrial interest. Some of the most commonly investigated polymers with GO for tissue engineering include collagen, gelatin, alginate, chitosan, cellulose, silk fibroin (SF), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), polyacrylamide, poly(e-caprolactone) (PCL), poly(lactic acid) (PLLA), and poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA).…”

“…The hydrogels were mainly produced for soft tissue engineering applications including cartilage, muscle, and peripheral nerve tissue regeneration applications. [6][7][8][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34] Table 1 shows the production route for different GO/polymer scaffolds and the findings of the studies are presented.…”

“…[1] It is also non-toxic and is biocompatible at low concentrations. [5,6] Studies so far have shown that GO generally upregulates the proliferation and differentiation of cultured secondary and stem cells. [3,7,8] However, a dosage above 50 μg ml À1 of GO was found to be cytotoxic.…”