Design of High Efficiency Integrated Voltage Regulators with Embedded Magnetic Core Inductors

Machine Learning and Uncertainty Quantification for Surrogate Models of Integrated Devices With a Large Number of Parameters

“…3. It consists of a system-in-package (SiP) solution including two chips (buck converter and low-dropout (LDO)/load) with an integrated inductor on an organic package [45]. The converter architecture shown in Fig.…”

Fabrication, characterization and comparison of composite magnetic materials for high efficiency integrated voltage regulators with embedded magnetic core micro-inductors

“…For a 3 V:1 V conversion, the buck converter efficiency was 89.5% at 20 MHz (peak), 86.5% at 100 MHz for NiZn ferrite-composite and 90% at 22 MHz (peak), and 86.8% at 100 MHz for CIP-composite. For a 5 V: 1 V conversion, the peak efficiency was 82% at 10 MHz and 72% efficiency at 100 MHz for both materials because of the stacked topology used for the buck power stage [14]. The results show that the high DC loss of the dielectric core inductor outweighs the additional AC loss in the magnetic materials up to switching frequencies of at least 100 MHz.…”

“…The designs are for output filter applications for a high-efficiency SIP based buck IVR providing 5 V:1 V, 3 V:1 V and 1.7 V:1.05 V conversions. A solenoid inductor geometry, figure 13(a), was chosen because of its advantages compared to the planar and the racetrack type structures [14].…”

“…However, the relatively thin copper windings used resulted in a relatively high DC resistance which decreased the IVR efficiency to 84% due to the inductor DC power loss. As an alternative approach, we have shown [14,15] the advantages of a SIP solution using embedded magnetic core inductors in an organic package for implementing high-efficiency, buck type IVRs by optimizing both the silicon components and the magn etic core inductors in a four-phase design with 25 nH inductance per phase using solenoidal inductors with magnetic composite materials having a relative permeability µ r from 5 to 10 at 100 MHz. This was optimized for a buck type IVR with three different voltage conversion rates: 5 V:1 V, 3 V:1 V, and 1.7 V:1 V. Based on the selected material properties, two composite materials using NiZn ferrite and carbonyl iron powder (CIP) have been fabricated.…”

Loss analysis and optimum design of a highly efficient and compact CMOS DC–DC converter with novel transistor layout using 60 nm multipillar-type vertical body channel MOSFET

“…A cascode power switch that utilizes several MOSFETs connected in series as a high-or low-side power switch is widely adopted to CMOS DC-DC converters because several CMOS devices in series have lower on-resistance Ron and gate charge Qg than a single CMOS device in order to improve efficiency under high switching frequency. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8] The most critical requirements for CMOS DC-DC converters are high-efficiency power conversion and compactness under the operating condition of very high switching frequency and high-to-low voltage conversion. To achieve compactness, operating the power switches under very high frequency is essential to reduce the size of passive components such as inductors and capacitors in addition to suppressing the transistor size.…”