Design of linear CMOS transconductance elements

Nedungadi, A.; Viswanathan, T.R.

doi:10.1109/tcs.1984.1085428

Cited by 312 publications

(105 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…As mentioned in the introduction, the major limiting factor with commercially available OTAs is the limited differential input voltage swing. Recent activity in the literature has concentrated upon designing OTAs with improved input characteristics [27]- [28]. Significant improvements in performance over what is currently available with discrete OTAs have been demonstrated.…”

Section: Practical Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Active filter design using operational transconductance amplifiers: A tutorial

Geiger

Sánchez-Sinencio

1985

IEEE Circuits Devices Mag.

541

214

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Section: Practical Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They are attractive for frequency referenced (e.g., master/slave) applications. Several groups have recently utilized OTAs in continuous-time monolithic filter structures [28] - [40].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Active filter design using operational transconductance amplifiers: A tutorial

Geiger

Sánchez-Sinencio

1985

IEEE Circuits Devices Mag.

541

214

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“…However, many other complementary MOS (CMOS) circuits can be considered as transconductance-based circuits (e.g., [3]- [36]). 1 Most publications on transconductance-based CMOS circuits focus on specific aspects of one particular circuit.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A systematic approach to circuit design and analysis: classification of two-VCCS circuits

Klumperink

1999

IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst. I

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Abstract-This paper discusses a systematic approach to the design and analysis of circuits, using a transconductor or voltage controlled current source (VCCS) as a building block. It is shown that two independent Kirchhoff relations among the VCCS voltages and currents play a crucial role in establishing a unique transfer function in two-port circuits with two VCCS's. A class of two-VCCS circuits is defined, which can be subdivided into three main classes and 14 subclasses, based on different imposeable sets of two Kirchhoff relations. The classification is useful for circuit synthesis and analysis, as it reveals all the basically different ways to exploit two VCCS's, and allows for a unified analysis of classes of circuits. To exemplify this, all complementary metal-oxide-semiconducter (CMOS) V 0 I converter kernels, based on two matched MOS transistor (MOST)-VCCS's, are generated and analyzed with respect to distortion. It is shown that dozens of published transconductor circuits can be classified in only four classes, with essentially different distortion behavior.

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“…For instance, the standard differential pair transconductor that is often used in G,-C filters achieves a non-linearity of <1% for only 28% of the gate overdrive voltage (Le. 0.28 [vgs-Vt]), resulting in a severely restricted dynamic range at the input [4]. Due to the quadratic dependence of the gate-overdrive voltage on the bias current, this limitation is exacerbated by the fact that the bias current in the transconductor must be decreased to produce longer peaking times.…”

Section: B Design Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%