“…Thanks to the real-time and ultrasensitive detection of molecules in trace amounts, , surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) as an up-and-coming technique has been commonly used in various applications, including biosensors, − medicine technology, , plasmon-driven catalytic reactions, − etc. To realize these applications, as a suitable SERS substrate, there should be high-density hotspots that result from strongly enhanced electromagnetic fields caused by the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR). − Various types of SERS substrates have been fabricated by controllable fabrication methods to form effective hotspots, such as arrayed nanopore silver (Ag) thin films, Ag-coated polymeric nanopillar arrays, Ag nanoparticles assembled on a multilayer gold film by employing alumina as a spacer, RGO@MoS 2 @Ag ternary nanocomposites for recyclable SERS detection, hydrophilic–hydrophobic Ag-modified PMMA substrates, a sandwiched Ag cap nanoparticles/SiO 2 /silver film system that can significantly enhance local electric-field intensity and increase the density of electromagnetic hot spots, leading to a SERS enhancement factor of 2.38 × 10 9 , and nanosculptured thin films of silver that perform a fast, accurate, and stable detection performance .…”