Design of Wavy Ag Microwire Array for Mechanically Stable, Multimodal Vibrational Haptic Interface

Abstract

A vibrotactile interface is an actuator device to convey haptic information intuitively from electronics to users. For the next-generation of user-friendly interface applications, the vibrotactile actuator is required to be vibration intensity/frequency controllable, mechanically stable, transparent, and have large scalability. Previously, although these requirements are satisfied via several approaches using a random network film of Ag wires or a mixture with conductive polymers, the random-network-based materials only have limited control on material density and uniformity, which in turn hinders precise control over vibration intensity and device transparency. Here, a new approach to assemble large-scale Ag microwire arrays is demonstrated by involving an evaporative assembly method and is presented to overcome the current limitations. In particular, the 1D wavy structure derived from fractal designs promotes vibration intensity and cycling due to greater areal coverage and improved mechanical stability. Furthermore, by taking advantage of the precisely aligned microwires array, tunable multimode vibration frequencies are obtained by generating two different voltage frequencies. The large-scale wavy Ag microwire array with precise spatial controllability will be directly adaptable as a user-friendly interface in electronic applications like wearable devices, computer interfaces, and flexible mobile phones.

Recent Advances in Materials, Designs and Applications of Skin Electronics

“…Wavy pattern is widely used in layout designs for stretchable skin electronics. Kang et al [51] designed a vibrotactile actuator based on wavy Ag microwire array, which highly promotes vibration intensity and cycling performance because of great areal coverage and improved mechanical stability (Fig. 4(f)).…”

3D Meniscus‐Guided Evaporative Assembly for Rapid Template‐Free Synthesis of Highly Crystalline Perovskite Nanowire Arrays

“…Due to the structural characteristics, the method is generally used as a simple assembly method of 0D, 1D, and 2D nanomaterials in a micrometer-scale 1D structure array for largescale electronics, [48] optics, [49] and mechatronics. [50] To overcome the geometric scaling limitation of the conventional technique, we further improved this simple assembly strategy for more compact growth of 1D nanomaterial arrays with a preferred growth orientation and controllable lengths, as illustrated in Figure 1b. While the conventional stick and slip motion technique sets its basis on the sequential assembly and re-positioning of blades, respectively, assuming isotropic meniscus geometry along the contact line, our modified technique comprises two consecutive steps including nucleation and oriented growth processes.…”

High-k Polymer Nanocomposite Materials for Technological Applications

“…For 20 wt% of PANI-DBSA doping to PVDF, resulted a dielectric permittivity of 150.0 at 25 °C [86], whereas PVDF and poly(vinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene) (PVDF-TrFE) filled with magnesium oxide nanofillers showed dielectric permittivity within the Today, polyester films or polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrates have received considerable interest due to their inherent surface properties and designed engineering probabilities [89,90]. The PET substrates can be laying down to design thin film transistor arrays and in the construction of multimodal vibrational haptic interfaces [91]. Mi, et al compared the properties of epoxy-coated (wood pulp) cellulose nanofibril (CNF) thin films with PVDF and investigated the microwave dielectric properties for potential broad applications in flexible high-speed electronics.…”