Design Rules for Time of Flight Positron Emission Tomography (ToF-PET) Heterostructure Radiation Detectors

Krause, Philip; Rogers, Edith; Birowosuto, Muhammad Danang; Pei, Qibing; Auffray, E.; Vasil’ev, A. N.; Bizarri, Grégory

doi:10.2139/ssrn.3966915

Cited by 1 publication

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“…Another option to increase the sensitivity of heterostructures is represented by the substitution of plastic by denser and/or even faster material. BaF 2 could represents a good candidate (as also shown by Krause et al (2021) and ) since its density is almost five times the one of plastic and has a sub-nanosecond decay component. However, its VUV emission makes the light extraction and the photodection more complicate.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…Recent studies have investigated the possibility to replace plastic scintillators with other materials (Turtos et al 2019b, , Konstantinou et al 2021, Krause et al 2021, Děcka et al 2022. However, because of the complexity of these structures in terms of light transport and light extraction, the combination of two wellknown and easy-to-handle materials such as BGO and plastic scintillators is a good tool to deeply understand and optimize the properties of heterostructures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Advances in heterostructured scintillators: toward a new generation of detectors for TOF-PET

et al. 2022

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Objective. Time-of-flight-positron emission tomography would highly benefit from a coincidence time resolution (CTR) below 100 ps: improvement in image quality and patient workflow, and reduction of delivered dose are among them. This achievement proved to be quite challenging, and many approaches have been proposed and are being investigated for this scope. One of the most recent consists in combining different materials with complementary properties (e.g. high stopping power for 511 keV γ -ray and fast timing) in a so-called heterostructure, metascintillator or metapixel. By exploiting a mechanism of energy sharing between the two materials, it is possible to obtain a fraction of fast events which significantly improves the overall time resolution of the system. Approach. In this work, we present the progress on this innovative technology. After a simulation study using the Geant4 toolkit, aimed at understanding the optimal configuration in terms of energy sharing, we assembled four heterostructures with alternating plates of BGO and EJ232 plastic scintillator. We fabricated heterostructures of two different sizes (3 × 3 × 3 mm3 and 3 × 3 × 15 mm3), each made up of plates with two different thicknesses of plastic plates. We compared the timing of these pixels with a standard bulk BGO crystal and a structure made of only BGO plates (layered BGO). Main results. CTR values of 239 ± 12 ps and 197 ± 10 ps FWHM were obtained for the 15 mm long heterostructures with 100 µm and 200 µm thick EJ232 plates (both with 100 µm thick BGO plates), compared to 271 ± 14 ps and 303 ± 15 ps CTR for bulk and layered BGO, respectively. Significance. Significant improvements in timing compared to standard bulk BGO were obtained for all the configurations tested. Moreover, for the long pixels, depth of interaction (DOI) collimated measurements were also performed, allowing to validate a simple model describing light transport inside the heterostructure.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%