Designer drugs – still a threat?

Abstract

INTRODUCTION.In Poland, an increasing number of psychoactive substances are becoming prohibited by law as psychotropic or narcotic substances, or as new psychoactive substances (NPSs). Owing to the enormous technological possibilities offered by today's science, synthesis of new derivatives of prohibited compounds is no longer a problem. The moment a dangerous substance is outlawed, new designer drugs (in Poland known as ‘dopalacze’) appear on the market. STATE OF KNOWLEDGE.An amendment to the Act on Counteracting Drug Addiction issued in July 2018 made it possible for the NPS to be considered drugs by law. Synthetic cannabinoids and cathinone derivatives make up the majority of NPSs identified by the authorities in Poland. Synthetic cannabinoids which can, unlike cannabinoid receptor agonists of plant origin, cause death by somatic toxicity, are particularly dangerous. The ability to quickly recognize poisoning with synthetic opioids is crucial, since an antidote reversing the depressive effect of opioids on the respiratory center can be administered. SUMMARY.This work collects the most important and up-to-date information on designer drugs, based on reports and articles published between 2015 and 2019. The covered aspects include: the current definition of designer drugs in relation to the Polish law, their exact division due to the clinical effects they cause and the description of the threats they pose. Emphasis was given to the current situation of the designer drug market in Poland.

Towards toxic and narcotic medication detection with rotated object detectors

“…Medicinal toxic drugs and narcotic drugs especially, as well as psychotropic substances and radioactive pharmaceuticals, are special medications that require strict management in hospitals. If these medications inflow into the market illegally, the harm is unimaginable and includes the circulation of the crystal methamphetamine (1,2). In China, these four kinds of special medications are managed strictly by a special person, special counter, special account books, special prescription, and special book registration (3,4).…”

Towards Toxic and Narcotic Medication Detection with Rotated Object Detector

“…Medicinal toxic drugs, narcotic drugs, psychotropic substances, and radioactive pharmaceuticals are special medications that need strict management in hospitals, especially medicinal toxic drugs and narcotic drugs. If these medications inflow into the market illegally, the harm is unimaginable, no less than "ice" (crystal methamphetamine) (1,2). In China, these four kinds of special medications were being * The source code would be opened on https://github.com/woodywff/drug_det_ro use are required to send back to the central pharmacy to ensure that the quantity of drug registration is consistent with that of empty ampoules.…”