Designing highly insulated cross-laminated timber external walls in terms of hygrothermal performance: Field measurements and simulations

Kukk, Villu; Kaljula, Laura; Kers, Jaan; Kalamees, Targo

doi:10.1016/j.buildenv.2022.108805

Cited by 24 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Although exposure to weather and in particular precipitation is not intended for most end uses of CLT, these UC3 conditions are often occurring during the construction of a building (Olsson 2020(Olsson , 2021. Though CLT based buildings are showing a short time to be finalized it remains important to prevent excessive moisture levels to be reached and maintained (Kalbe et al 2022) and this becomes even more relevant when considering combinations with moisture sensitive insulation materials (Kukk et al 2022). Earlier research on moisture dynamics of plywood (Van den Bulcke et al 2011;De Windt et al, 2018) using continuous moisture measurements (CMM) has recently been used to get more insight in these phenomena for CLT .…”

Section: Moisture Dynamicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combining Wood Protection Options to Enhance Resistance against Decay and Improve Fire Safety of Engineered Wood Products like CLT

Van Acker,

Li,

Jiang

et al. 2023

16th International Conference on Durability of Building Materials and Components

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Bio-based building products are considered key in our future socio-economic environment, since they are a very relevant nature-based solution (NbS) to climate change. The statement of President von der Leyen (European commission) to turn the construction sector into a carbon sink is critical in this respect: bio-based materials should be used on a larger and more targeted scale in the future. The long-term use of materials is therefore very important since we need to improve the lifespan of renewable materials to increase its carbon sink potential. Hence wood is increasingly considered as a main building material. Service life aspects are critical in relation to the EU Construction Products Regulation (CPR). Traditional treatments to protect against fungal decay and the impact of fire are not always performing adequately and often environmental impact has been an important consideration. The option to enhance wood properties using innovative technologies can be combined with better definition of the expectations and requirements. Besides focusing on combined innovative treatments of the wood matrix, also envelope treatments similar to the use of coatings can be envisaged. This all should lead to an increased use of timber and engineered wood products for green building. This paper mainly focusses on the increased use and high potential of CLT (Cross Laminated Timber) and options to use hardwoods and modified wood (like TMT) in relation to moisture dynamics to come to fit-for-purpose material properties even under more hazardous circumstances.

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Section: Moisture Dynamicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combining Wood Protection Options to Enhance Resistance against Decay and Improve Fire Safety of Engineered Wood Products like CLT

Van Acker,

Li,

Jiang

et al. 2023

16th International Conference on Durability of Building Materials and Components

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“…The impact of this carbon sequestration is subject to considerable debate, with significant differences between static and dynamic LCA approaches (Sutton et al, 2011;Gustafsson, 2019). The most prominent technical problem with using CLT today is moisture (Kukk et al, 2022). As it is typically made of untreated softwoods, it is very susceptible to both mould and wood rot.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

"Hygrothermal Performance of CLT Subjected to Rain Loads during Construction in Belgium"

Habtie,

Vanderschelden,

Jiang

et al. 2023

16th International Conference on Durability of Building Materials and Components

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As the use of CLT is increasing, it is important to understand how to deal with moisture during construction. Throughout the construction phase it is often not feasible to shield every component and detail from direct rain impingement. This paper investigates what happens to CLT, and spruce wood in general, when it is exposed to rain events, and how fast it dries out afterwards. Subsequently, the implications of incorporating a wetted component into a finished wall system is also investigated. The moisture behaviour of both plain spruce and CLT samples that are exposed outdoors is investigated using the continuous moisture measurement (CMM) setup at the UGent Woodlab in combination with hygrothermal simulations in Delphin 6. Pieces of solid wood and CLT are mounted on load cells that record the weight every 5 minutes, to study the wetting and drying behavior. Hygrothermal simulations are done in Delphin 6 using a climate file that is made from the recorded weather data. This way, the CMM experiments can be recreated in simulations. The goal here is to understand what is happening in the simulations and to look at what influence different parameters have on the moisture content of the samples. Risks of mould and wood decay are investigated, and recommendations are made concerning practical moisture management and risk mititagion for these types of constructions.

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“…Hygrothermal performance of exterior wall is a crucial issue in the design, assessment, and construction of energy-efficient buildings [1]. Because exterior wall assembly is an important part of the building envelope, its hygrothermal transfer patterns are closely related to building performance, including the building energy consumption [2,3], structural material corrosion resistance [4], comfort and health [5], and durability of materials [6]. When designing a building, it is necessary to conduct hygrothermal design and performance prediction for the exterior walls according to the climatic conditions of the building environment [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using Machine Learning Method to Discover Hygrothermal Transfer Patterns from the Outside of the Wall to Interior Bamboo and Wood Composite Sheathing

Wang

Zhu

et al. 2022

Buildings

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To identify hygrothermal transfer patterns of exterior walls is a crucial issue in the design, assessment, and construction of buildings. Temperature and relative humidity, as sensor monitoring data, were collected from the outside of the wall to interior bamboo and wood composite sheathing over the year in Huangshan Mountain District, Anhui Province, China. Combining the machine learning method of reservoir computing (RC) with agglomerative hierarchical clustering (AHC), a novel clustering framework was built for better extraction of the characteristics of hygrothermal transfer on the time series data. The experimental results confirmed the hypothesis that the change in the temperature and relative humidity of the outside of the wall (RHT12) dominated the change of the interior sheathing (RHT11). The delay time between two adjacent peaks in temperature was 1 to 2 h, while that in relative humidity was 1 to 4 h from the outside of the wall to interior bamboo and wood composite sheathing. There was no significant difference in temperature peak delay time between April and July. Temperature peak delay time was 50 to 120 min. However, relative humidity peak delay time was 100 to 240 min in April, whereas it was 20 to 120 min in July. The impact formed a relatively linear relationship between outdoor temperature and relative humidity peak delay time. The hygrothermal transfer patterns were characterized effectively by the peak delays. The discovery of the hygrothermal transfer patterns for the bamboo and wood composite walls using the machine learning method will facilitate the development of energy-efficient and durable bamboo and wood composite wall materials and structures.

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Designing highly insulated cross-laminated timber external walls in terms of hygrothermal performance: Field measurements and simulations

Cited by 24 publications

References 23 publications

Combining Wood Protection Options to Enhance Resistance against Decay and Improve Fire Safety of Engineered Wood Products like CLT

Combining Wood Protection Options to Enhance Resistance against Decay and Improve Fire Safety of Engineered Wood Products like CLT

"Hygrothermal Performance of CLT Subjected to Rain Loads during Construction in Belgium"

Using Machine Learning Method to Discover Hygrothermal Transfer Patterns from the Outside of the Wall to Interior Bamboo and Wood Composite Sheathing

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