Designing slanted soil system for greywater treatment for irrigation purposes in rural area of arid regions

Maïga, Ynoussa; Moyenga, David; Nikiema, B.C.; Ushijima, Ken; Maïga, Amadou Hama; Funamizu, Naoyuki

doi:10.1080/09593330.2014.929180

Cited by 14 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Dishwashing greywater exhibited an acidic pH (5.57), with amounts of K + (1.73 mg/l), Ca 2+ (0.56 mg/l), Mg 2+ (3.11 mg/l), and conductivity (170.30 μS/cm) lower than that of dam water, well water, and WTP. e pH and conductivity values of this greywater appeared low compared to those obtained by [15] from mixture of laundry-dishwashing household greywater in rural areas (pH: 7.44-7.85; conductivity: 1178.17 μS/ cm-2821.29 μS/cm).…”

Section: Physicochemical Characteristics Of Irrigation Watercontrasting

confidence: 57%

Effect of Water Quality on the Germination of Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) Seeds

Nana

Maïga

Ouedraogo

et al. 2019

International Journal of Agronomy

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Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus), a fruit vegetable consumed in several countries, especially in Africa, contributes to the fight against poverty and malnutrition due to its nutritional value. However, in Burkina Faso, its cultivation during the dry season that lasts about 9 months remains dependent on the availability of water resources. Thus, during this period that lasts about 9 months, because of this situation, okra producers are dealing with very diversified sources of water. However, the rehydration of seeds, which is the first step towards germination, depends mainly of the water. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to test the germinability of okra seeds under different irrigation waters in order to propose alternative sources. Thus, seeds of three ecotypes of okra (B2, G259, and L2) were germinated using five water types (dam water, wastewater from the sewage treatment plant (WTP), well water, dishwashing greywater, and distilled water). The results showed a significant influence of the water type on the germination velocity and the growth speed of the radicle. Indeed, using wastewater from the WTP, the germination velocity was very significantly lower than those obtained with the other sources (P<0.0001). Furthermore, seeds irrigated with WTP wastewater germinated less than other water types. Nevertheless, the germination rate obtained with dishwashing greywater (86.93 ± 0.14%), which is not used generally in agricultural production, is comparable to the rates obtained with other water types. Furthermore, the study showed a significant effect of the ecotype on the germination rate (P≤0.001). In addition, dam water significantly enhanced root growth compared to WTP (P<0.0001). In view of the results and because of water scarcity in Sahelian regions, dishwashing greywater, which is generally discarded, could be collected and used for the germination of okra.

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Section: Physicochemical Characteristics Of Irrigation Watercontrasting

confidence: 57%

Effect of Water Quality on the Germination of Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) Seeds

Nana

Maïga

Ouedraogo

et al. 2019

International Journal of Agronomy

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“…In terms of fecal bacteria content, the greywater produced in rural area in Burkina Faso is much more polluted than the greywater from the students' dormitory, used for the treatment. Indeed, values of up to 6 × 10 8 CFU per 100 mL for E. coli and up to 1.63 × 10 9 CFU per100 mL for fecal coliforms have been reported from a household in rural area [24]. The effect of the dilution due to the high amount of water used in urban area than rural area to perform the activities, could explain this difference.…”

Section: Distribution and Removal Of Fecal Indicatorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Greywater Treatment by High Rate Algal Pond under Sahelian Conditions for Reuse in Irrigation

Maïga¹,

Takahashi²,

Somda³

et al. 2015

JWARP

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High Rate Algal Pond (HRAP) was constructed and operated using a mixer device to investigate its capability in treating greywater for reuse in gardening. Physico-chemical and microbiological parameters were monitored. With a hydraulic retention time of 7.5 days and a solid retention time of 20 days, the average removal efficiencies (ARE) were 69% and 62% for BOD5 and COD respectively. The ARE for 3 NO − , 4 NH + and 4 PO 3− were 23%, 52% and 43% respectively. The removal of suspended solids (SS) was unsatisfactory, which could be attributed to the low average algal settling efficiencies of 9.3% and 16.0% achieved after 30 and 60 minutes respectively. The ARE of fecal coliforms, Escherichia coli and enterococci were 2.65, 3.14 and 3.17 log units respectively. In view of the results, the HRAP technology could be adapted for greywater treatment in sahelian regions. However, further studies on the diversity of the algal species growing in the HRAP unit are necessary in order to increase the removal of SS. Hazards of a reuse of the effluents are discussed on the basis of the various qualitative parameters. The residual content of E. coli was varying from <1 to 1.77 × 10 4 CFU per 100 mL. Based on WHO guidelines for greywater reuse in irrigation, the effluents could be used for restricted irrigation (E. coli < 10 5 CFU per 100 mL). Furthermore, the reuse potential is discussed on the basis of FAO guidelines using SAR (3.03 to 4.11), electrical conductivity (482 to 4500 µS/cm) and pH values (6.45 to 8.6).

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“…2b). Microbial degradation processes are the principle reason for the consumption of organic matter, which leads to higher respiration and therefore to an increase in BOD 5 (Friedler et al 2006;Maiga et al 2014). It is possible that the drops in BOD 5 were also caused by sedimentation, since, BOD 5 statistically correlated with TSS (Abed et al 2019).…”

Section: Oxygen Demandmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Storage Time on Characteristics of Synthetic Greywater for Two Different Pollutant Strengths to Be Treated or Recycled

Abed

Almuktar

Scholz

2020

Water Air Soil Pollut

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Storage of greywater is controversial for environmental and health reasons. Artificial greywater was assessed after 2 and 7 days of storage time. Two different greywater pollutant strengths were statistically compared at each storage time. A negative significant (p < 0.05) correlation was evident with increasing storage time for the 5-day biochemical oxygen demand for more than 2 days. However, the concentrations of 5-day biochemical oxygen and chemical oxygen demands reduced significantly at 2 days of storage when compared with freshly prepared greywater. Biodegradability (5-day biochemical oxygen demand/chemical oxygen demand ratio) decreased significantly after storage to between 0.14 and 0.39. The nitrification process was improved significantly with increasing storage time concerning low strength greywater with a significant increase in the removal of ammonianitrogen and a non-significant decrease in the removal of nitrate-nitrogen. The correlation was significantly positive between ammonia-nitrogen and 5-day biochemical oxygen demand for stored greywater, while it was significantly negative between total suspended solids and both 5-day biochemical oxygen demand and dissolved oxygen. Significant reductions in colour, total suspended solids and turbidity were correlated positively with storage time. Precipitation of dissolved metals was suspected to occur in storing greywater by binding the inorganic components with the sediment and collide surfaces through adsorption, allowing a significant drop in concentrations of dissolved and undissolved metals with increasing storage time through sedimentation. Synthetic greywater of low mineral pollution had significantly higher removals for almost all concentrations compared with those for high concentrations. More advanced technologies for high trace element removal are required.

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Designing slanted soil system for greywater treatment for irrigation purposes in rural area of arid regions

Cited by 14 publications

References 12 publications

Effect of Water Quality on the Germination of Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) Seeds

Effect of Water Quality on the Germination of Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) Seeds

Greywater Treatment by High Rate Algal Pond under Sahelian Conditions for Reuse in Irrigation

Impact of Storage Time on Characteristics of Synthetic Greywater for Two Different Pollutant Strengths to Be Treated or Recycled

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