Designing Small-scale Chemistry for General Chemistry Practical Work Course

Abstract

Hands-on chemistry activity or practical work is an important aspect of teaching at the high school and college level as part of the science education curriculum. This study aims to design Small-scale Chemistry (SSC) for general chemistry practical work. The product are laboratory work manual and practical kit. The development model used is ADDIE model (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation). At the analysis stage, five experiment will be designed to become SSC. There are five experiments, namely determining the order of the reaction, observation the shift in chemical equilibrium, identification acid-base with indicators, determining the strength of the acid and water electrolysis. The feasibility of the manual and practical kit in content feasibility (0.84), language feasibility (0.90), presentation feasibility (0.84), graphic feasibility (0.90), and kit feasibility (0.94). All are categorized as valid based on the validity criteria of Aiken's V. The results of the implementation show that the SSC design can be implemented and the results can be observed for General Chemistry experiment learning activities. The chemicals used for the experiment are far less than the macro-scale practical work. This is in accordance with the SSC principle.

On-the-Go Lab for Aqueous Reactions Demonstrations: Activities at the Microscale

“…Without sacrificing the caliber and level of chemical applications, it seeks to eliminate chemical waste . Numerous studies have highlighted the effectiveness of microscale experiments and demonstrations in supporting chemistry courses in high schools and colleges. − Microscale experiments not only enhance students’ understanding of classroom concepts but also reduce the amount of required reactants, aligning with green chemistry principles. It has been widely acknowledged that these activities contribute to sustainable and eco-friendly lab practices. − Green chemistry principles outlined by the American Chemical Society aim to reduce waste, conserve energy, and find substitutes for hazardous substances, safeguarding the economy, people, and the environment .…”