Designing visual appearance using a structured surface

Johansen, Villads Egede; Thamdrup, Lasse Højlund Eklund; Smistrup, Kristian; Nielsen, Theodor; Sigmund, Ole; Vukusic, Peter

doi:10.1364/optica.2.000239

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Another example of anisotropic material is metamaterial with nanometric scale structures. Since the direction and the wavelength of the reflected light from a metamaterial can be controlled by the geometric configuration of its nanometric scale structures, it can be used to design and fabricate novel appearances, 8 as shown in Fig. 1(b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Versatile four-axis gonioreflectometer for bidirectional reflectance distribution function measurements on anisotropic material surfaces

Chen²,

Deng

et al. 2019

Opt. Eng.

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The bidirectional reflectance distribution function (BRDF) data are essential for analyzing and modeling the material appearance of anisotropic surfaces. In order to acquire four-dimensional BRDF on the anisotropic material surfaces, a four-axis gonioreflectometer was designed and implemented. The instrument consists of a collimated, broadband light source, a four-axis rotation mechanism, a spectroradiometer, and a control system. The instrument is able to carry out spectral BRDF measurements over most of the incident and reflection hemispheres and the entire visible spectrum. One thousand twenty-four samples are obtained over the spectral range of 380 to 760 nm. The angular resolution of the BRDF measurement is <0.1 deg with good repeatability. A relative calibration method was adopted to obtain the absolute values of BRDFs. Various scanning schemes can be carried out by the instrument to scan the designated angular domains, enabling the instrument to capture material appearance with strong, distinctive anisotropic highlights and translucency. The obtained BRDF data of a textile sample demonstrate the instrument capability of capturing complex light scattering behaviors, including off-specular reflection peaks, off-plane reflection peaks, and backscattering.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Versatile four-axis gonioreflectometer for bidirectional reflectance distribution function measurements on anisotropic material surfaces

Chen²,

Deng

et al. 2019

Opt. Eng.

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“…17 and the validity discussed in ref. 21. A verification of the approach for these specific structures is also provided as supporting material in the Supplementary Information, Fig.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…In the case of Morpho butterflies, most investigations have identified the sub-wavelength scale positional disorder among the multilayered ridges as the critical factor that prevents a diffraction grating appearance, in turn providing blue reflection that is both bright and broad91415161718. Thus, much of the research has been focused on developing methods of analyzing and fabricating model structures that consist of arrays of identical multilayer reflectors with varying degrees of positional disorder1318192021. While many methods of analysis have been developed successfully915161718, actually fabricating the corresponding model structure of an array of identical ridges with positional disorder has been challenging.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Reproducing the hierarchy of disorder for Morpho-inspired, broad-angle color reflection

Song

Johansen

Sigmund

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

Self Cite

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The scales of Morpho butterflies are covered with intricate, hierarchical ridge structures that produce a bright, blue reflection that remains stable across wide viewing angles. This effect has been researched extensively, and much understanding has been achieved using modeling that has focused on the positional disorder among the identical, multilayered ridges as the critical factor for producing angular independent color. Realizing such positional disorder of identical nanostructures is difficult, which in turn has limited experimental verification of different physical mechanisms that have been proposed. In this paper, we suggest an alternative model of inter-structural disorder that can achieve the same broad-angle color reflection, and is applicable to wafer-scale fabrication using conventional thin film technologies. Fabrication of a thin film that produces pure, stable blue across a viewing angle of more than 120 ° is demonstrated, together with a robust, conformal color coating.

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“…Since we emphasize ease of fabrication in this work, we forgo such elaborate (often vacuum-dependent) fabrication methods and utilize direct laser writing (DLW). While this poses restrictions in terms of resolution and materials, it offers full freeform flexibility and is not restricted to heightfields [Johansen et al 2015].…”

Section: Structural Colormentioning

confidence: 99%

Computational design of nanostructural color for additive manufacturing

2018

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Additive manufacturing has recently seen drastic improvements in resolution, making it now possible to fabricate features at scales of hundreds or even dozens of nanometers, which previously required very expensive lithographic methods. As a result, additive manufacturing now seems poised for optical applications, including those relevant to computer graphics, such as material design, as well as display and imaging applications. In this work, we explore the use of additive manufacturing for generating structural colors, where the structures are designed using a fabrication-aware optimization process. This requires a combination of full-wave simulation, a feasible parameterization of the design space, and a tailored optimization procedure. Many of these components should be re-usable for the design of other optical structures at this scale. We show initial results of material samples fabricated based on our designs. While these suffer from the prototype character of state-of-the-art fabrication hardware, we believe they clearly demonstrate the potential of additive nanofabrication for structural colors and other graphics applications.

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Designing visual appearance using a structured surface

Cited by 8 publications

References 21 publications

Versatile four-axis gonioreflectometer for bidirectional reflectance distribution function measurements on anisotropic material surfaces

Versatile four-axis gonioreflectometer for bidirectional reflectance distribution function measurements on anisotropic material surfaces

Reproducing the hierarchy of disorder for Morpho-inspired, broad-angle color reflection

Computational design of nanostructural color for additive manufacturing

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