Destillier- und Rektifiziertechnik

Thermal Separation Technology

“…Rectification columns can be safely constructed and operated up to diameters of 10 m and heights of 100 m. Column internals (e.g., trays, packings) are very effective in enhancing the interfacial mass transfer (Kirschbaum 1969 rectification the separation technology of choice. Disadvantages of distillation and rectification are a risk of thermal degradation of substances and, even more importantly, a high energy demand.…”

Classical Methods: Sections 5–15

“…Further information on the design of rectifying plants and rectification theory have been reported by Kreipe (1981) and Kirschbaum (1969). It is possible to construct a rectifying column directly above or beside the reboiler.…”

“…Kreipe (1981) and Kirschbaum (1969) have reported details for such plants. Kreipe (1981) and Kirschbaum (1969) have reported details for such plants.…”

Distillation of Specialty Chemicals

“…With regard to bubble cap trays, Kirschbaum [22] observed the formation of a fine spray even at medium gas loads and investigated the effect of impingement plates under the gas risers and of layers of random packing fixed in the intertray space. Impingement plates moved the efficiency curve to higher values, while the typical drop of efficiency with increasing gas load persisted.…”