Detecting bacteria in platelet concentrates by use of reagent strips

Werch, Jochewed; Mhawech, Paulette; Stager, Charles E.; Banez, E.I.; Lichtiger, Benjamin

doi:10.1046/j.1537-2995.2002.00157.x

Cited by 35 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Higher WBC and also PLT content likely explains pH failure not due to bacterial contamination. In another study [8], thirty of the 3093 PC units was classified as positive by the reagent strips. Only two of 30 reagent strip screen positive units were also positive by the standard bacterial culture method.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They are based on changes in platelet unit strip pH and glucose that occurs following increasing levels of microbial contamination [6]. Overall sensitivity reported for the test was 95 % with a specificity of 98-100 % at 10 7 colony-forming units per milliliter (CFU/mL) [8]. The Bact/Alert system is cleared by FDA for quality control of bacterial culture in platelets.…”

Section: Background and Objectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of the Sensitivity and Specificity of Use of Glucose and pH for Bacterial Screening of Platelet Concentrates Compared to the Bact/Alert

Razjou

Naghadeh

Ferdowsi

et al. 2016

Indian J Hematol Blood Transfus

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Bacterial contamination of blood components is the major infectious risk in transfusion medicine. Since platelets should be stored at room temperature that makes them an excellent growth medium for bacteria; it is mentioned as a major problem in transfusion medicine. Transfusion risk of a bacterial contaminated platelet concentrate is higher than viral pathogen such as HIV, HBV, HCV and HTLV. The objective of this study was to evaluation of the sensitivity and specificity of use of glucose and pH for bacterial screening of platelet concentrates compared to the Bact/Alert. 1332 platelet concentrates were screened by the Bact/Alert system for aerobic and anaerobic bacterial contamination. Bacterial contamination was also evaluated by using urine reagent strips (Multistix10 SG Bayer) and culture methods. Moreover PH screening with a pH meter (Metrohm 744 Swiss) and glucose was also used for detection of bacterial contamination. The rate of bacterial contamination detected by the Bact/Alert system in platelet concentrates was 25 in 1332 (1.9 %). It contained 15 (1.1 %) for aerobic bacteria and 10 (.8 %) for anaerobic bacteria. 226 of 1332 were considered as containing bacteria by using urine reagent strips. Six of the 226 units were also positive by the Bact/Alert system. Three of those units were culture positive for aerobic bacteria and three for anaerobic. The result of platelet concentrates that underwent pH screening by use of pH meter and a pH portion of urine reagent strips was the same. The sensitivity and specificity of considering glucose alone for detection of bacterial contamination were 12 and 98 % respectively. For pH alone, these were 24 and 83 %. For glucose and/or pH, these were 24 and 83 %; and for combination of glucose and pH, these were 12 and 98 %. Our results showed use of glucose/pH strips would improve the safety of blood products and should be encouraged.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Background and Objectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the Sensitivity and Specificity of Use of Glucose and pH for Bacterial Screening of Platelet Concentrates Compared to the Bact/Alert

Razjou

Naghadeh

Ferdowsi

et al. 2016

Indian J Hematol Blood Transfus

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“…However, the overall sensitivity is only 10 6 to 10 7 CFU/ml (13,62,63,66). Werch et al, from the M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, reported on the screening of 3,093 platelet concentrates, in which they found that multireagent strips for 30 bags had glucose levels or pH outside of the reference range (63).…”

Section: Bacterial Detectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacterial Contamination of Blood Components

2005

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Blood for transfusion is a potential source of infection by a variety of known and unknown transmissible agents. Over the last 20 years, astounding reductions in the risk of viral infection via allogeneic blood have been achieved. As a result of this success, bacterial contamination of blood products has emerged as the greatest residual source of transfusion-transmitted disease. This paper summarizes the current status of detection, prevention, and elimination of bacteria in blood products for transfusion

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“…6,30,[54][55][56][57] Of the initial 929 platelet concentrates that screened positively, 923 were not confirmed by subsequent culture, for a false-positive rate of 0.99%, which is very close to that previously reported using urine reagent strips (0.90%) and comparable to the rate for culture reported by AuBuchon et al 58 of 0.6%, but is nearly an order of magnitude higher than the false-positive rate reported for culture in other studies of 0.03% to 0.12%. 30,55,59 Variation in observed false-positive rates may be attributed to lack of standardization of the definition, with questionable distinction between "reactive signal" and "positive signal." Other contributing factors may include the actual contamination rate, differences in test sensitivities (detection threshold) between methods, and vagaries in sampling protocols between studies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Bacterial Detection in Whole Blood–Derived Platelets by Quantitative Glucose Testing at a University Medical Center

McKane

Ward

Senn

et al. 2009

American Journal of Clinical Pathology

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After the March 2004 implementation of American Association of Blood Banks standards regarding platelet bacterial detection, we began quantitative glucose screening of whole blood-derived platelets (WB-P). The glucose level was measured immediately before component release--often storage day 4 or 5--using the Glucometer SureStep Flexx Meter (LifeScan, Milpitas, CA), with a positive cutoff of less than 500 mg/dL; failing units were cultured and not transfused. During 29 months (March 1, 2004-July 31, 2006) 93,073 units of WB-P were tested. Initially, 929 units (0.998%) screened positively. Bacterial growth was culture-confirmed in 6 units, for a bacterial contamination incidence of 0.006% and a true-positive rate of 6.4/100,000. Three additional culture-confirmed contamination cases were detected in transfused units causing febrile nonhemolytic reactions, for a false-negative rate of 3.2/100,000. Our overall contamination prevalence was 9.6/100,000 units of platelets transfused, lower than ordinarily cited, and showed a false-negative rate remarkably congruent to that of culture: 3.2/100,000. A low-sensitivity screening test applied late in platelet shelf-life can be comparable to culture in preventing bacterial-related morbidity.

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Detecting bacteria in platelet concentrates by use of reagent strips

Abstract: Screening PC units by the reagent strip method resulted in 9.7 units per 1000 being wasted, but prevented two patients from receiving a PC unit containing B. cereus.

Cited by 35 publications

References 20 publications

Evaluation of the Sensitivity and Specificity of Use of Glucose and pH for Bacterial Screening of Platelet Concentrates Compared to the Bact/Alert

Evaluation of the Sensitivity and Specificity of Use of Glucose and pH for Bacterial Screening of Platelet Concentrates Compared to the Bact/Alert

Bacterial Contamination of Blood Components

Analysis of Bacterial Detection in Whole Blood–Derived Platelets by Quantitative Glucose Testing at a University Medical Center

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