Detecting the Void behind the Tunnel Lining by Impact-Echo Methods with Different Signal Analysis Approaches

Cao, Rongning; Ma, Meng; Liang, Ruihua; Niu, Chao

doi:10.3390/app9163280

Cited by 13 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…The combination of TER and GPR can provide new approaches for voids inspection. Acoustic techniques are important for detecting voids behind linings [23,[93][94][95][96][97][98]. Impact-echo, an acoustic NDT method, is a reliable and widely used method for detecting internal defects in concrete.…”

Section: Voidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Carino [93] summarized the theory, numerical simulation, experimental verification, and field demonstrations of the impact-echo method. Cao et al [94] compared several signal analysis approaches used in the impact-echo method for detecting voids behind linings. The experiment showed that the wavelet analysis can provide better energy distribution, and the dynamic stiffness method can determine the location of voids.…”

Section: Voidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Tunnel lining detection and retrofitting

Jiang

Wang

Zhang

et al. 2023

Automation in Construction

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Section: Voidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Voidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tunnel lining detection and retrofitting

Jiang

Wang

Zhang

et al. 2023

Automation in Construction

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“…Various techniques, including impact-echo, the microtremor method, infrared thermography, ground penetrating radar (GPR), and ultrasonic tomography, have been commonly used for detecting internal defects in tunnel linings [2][3][4][5]. Studies have shown that these methods can effectively detect defects in tunnel linings and achieve satisfactory detection results [6][7][8]. The combination of multiple techniques [9,10] can especially enhance the identification and localization of the defects.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of Air-Coupled Ground Penetrating Radar Based on F-K Filtering and BP Migration in High-Speed Railway Tunnel Detection

Lei

Jiang

et al. 2023

Sensors

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As the number and length of high-speed railway tunnels increase in China, implicit defects such as insufficient lining thicknesses, voids, and poor compaction have become increasingly common, posing a serious threat to train operation safety. It is, therefore, imperative to conduct a comprehensive census of the defects within the tunnel linings. In response to this problem, this study proposes a high-speed railway tunnel detection method based on vehicle-mounted air-coupled GPR. Building on a forward simulation of air-coupled GPR, the study proposes the F-K filtering and BP migration algorithms based on the practical considerations of random noise and imaging interference from the inherent equipment. Through multi-dimensional quantitative comparisons, these algorithms are shown to improve the spectrum entropy values and instantaneous amplitude ratios by 4.6% and 11.6%; and 120% and 180%, respectively, over the mean and bandpass filtering algorithms, demonstrating their ability to suppress clutter and enhance the internal signal prominence of the lining. The experimental results are consistent with the forward simulation trends, and the verification using the ground-coupled GPR detection confirms that air-coupled GPR can meet the requirements of high-speed railway tunnel lining inspections. A comprehensive GPR detection model is proposed to lay the foundation for a subsequent defect census of high-speed railway tunnels.

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“…To consider the influence of pile cap in the method, Chu et al [20] performed a laboratory test and a numerical model to investigate the dynamic stiffness of the cappile system. In addition, the dynamic stiffness index was also employed to detect the void behind the tunnel linings [21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Full‐Scale Experimental Study of the Vertical Dynamic and Static Behavior of the Pier‐Cap‐Pile System

Liu

Stochino³

2020

Advances in Civil Engineering

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The bearing capacity evaluation of bridge substructures is difficult as the static loading test (SLT) cannot be employed for the bridges in services. As a type of dynamic nondestructive test technique, the dynamic transient response method (TRM) could be employed to estimate the vertical bearing capacity when the relationship between static stiffness and dynamic stiffness is known. The TRM is usually employed to evaluate single piles. For the pier-cap-pile system, its applicability should be investigated. In the present study, a novel full-scale experimental study, including both TRM test and SLT, was performed on an abandoned bridge pier with grouped pile foundation. The test included three steps: firstly, testing the intact pier-cap-pile system; then, cutting off the pier and testing the cap-pile system; finally, cutting off the cap and testing the single pile. The TRM test was repeatedly performed in the above three steps, whereas the SLT was only performed on the cap-pile system. Based on the experimental results, the ratio of dynamic and static stiffness of the cap-pile system was obtained. The results show that (1) in the low-frequency range (between 10 and 30 Hz in this study), the dynamic stiffness of the whole system is approximately four times of that of a single pile; (2) the ratio of dynamic and static stiffness of the cap-pile system tested in the study is approximately 1.74, which was similar to other tested values of a single pile; (3) to evaluate the capacity of similar cap-pile system and with similar soil layer conditions by TRM, the value of Kd/Ks tested in the study can be used as a reference.

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Detecting the Void behind the Tunnel Lining by Impact-Echo Methods with Different Signal Analysis Approaches

Cited by 13 publications

References 15 publications

Tunnel lining detection and retrofitting

Tunnel lining detection and retrofitting

Application of Air-Coupled Ground Penetrating Radar Based on F-K Filtering and BP Migration in High-Speed Railway Tunnel Detection

A Full‐Scale Experimental Study of the Vertical Dynamic and Static Behavior of the Pier‐Cap‐Pile System

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