Detection and phylogenetic analysis of an atypical pestivirus, strain IZSPLV_To

Peletto, Simone; Zuccon, Fabio; Pitti, Monica; Gobbi, E.; Marco, Luisa De; Caramelli, Maria; Masoero, Loretta; Acutis, Pier Luigi

doi:10.1016/j.rvsc.2010.10.015

Cited by 44 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…In the present study, the most recent detection of BVDV-2 dates back to 2004, encompassing nearly a decade during which the potential risk of transmission by BVDV-2 contaminated biological products had been reported [35, 36]. No novel HoBi-like virus was identified using panpestivirus primers described by Letellier et al [31] that are able to detect HoBi-like virus [37, 38]; moreover, in central and southern Italy, a protocol for atypical Pestivirus detection [14] has been also applied. Regarding Sicily, we cannot exclude failure of HoBi-like viruses detection especially in samples with a low viral load, as previously reported for the primer pair used [4, 37].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Extended Genetic Diversity of Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus and Frequency of Genotypes and Subtypes in Cattle in Italy between 1995 and 2013

Luzzago

Lauzi

Ebranati

et al. 2014

BioMed Research International

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Genetic typing of bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) has distinguished BVDV-1 and BVDV-2 species and an emerging putative third species (HoBi-like virus), recently detected in southern Italy, signaling the occurrence of natural infection in Europe. Recognizing the need to update the data on BVDV genetic variability in Italy for mounting local and European alerts, a wide collection of 5′ UTR sequences (n = 371) was selected to identify the frequency of genotypes and subtypes at the herd level. BVDV-1 had the highest frequency, followed by sporadic BVDV-2. No novel HoBi-like viruses were identified. Four distribution patterns of BVDV-1 subtypes were observed: highly prevalent subtypes with a wide temporal-spatial distribution (1b and 1e), low prevalent subtypes with a widespread geographic distribution (1a, 1d, 1g, 1h, and 1k) or a restricted geographic distribution (1f), and sporadic subtypes detected only in single herds (1c, 1j, and 1l). BVDV-1c, k, and l are reported for the first time in Italy. A unique genetic variant was detected in the majority of herds, but cocirculation of genetic variants was also observed. Northern Italy ranked first for BVDV introduction, prevalence, and dispersion. Nevertheless, the presence of sporadic variants in other restricted areas suggests the risk of different routes of BVDV introduction.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Extended Genetic Diversity of Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus and Frequency of Genotypes and Subtypes in Cattle in Italy between 1995 and 2013

Luzzago

Lauzi

Ebranati

et al. 2014

BioMed Research International

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“…The virus was distantly related to BVDV-1/BVDV-2, and it was proposed as a prototype of a new pestivirus species (14,15). Hobi-like sequences have been repeatedly detected in commercial FCS batches (17,22,23), whereas there are few reports on natural infections (4,5,21,23) and clinical outbreaks (5). The virus has been recently detected in aborted bovine fetuses in Brazil, thus suggesting direct clinical implications (4).…”

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confidence: 99%

Hobi-Like Pestivirus in Aborted Bovine Fetuses

Decaro¹,

Lucente²,

Mari³

et al. 2012

J Clin Microbiol

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An outbreak of abortion affecting multiparous cows was associated with Hobi-like pestivirus infection. Viral RNA and antigens were detected in the tissues of two aborted fetuses. Molecular assays for other common abortogenic agents tested negative. At the genetic level, the Hobi-like pestivirus displayed the closest relatedness to Italian, Australian, and South American viruses, whereas it diverged from the prototype Thai isolate. These findings may have important implications for the pestivirus control/ eradication programs in cattle herds. Bovine viral diarrhea viruses (BVDVs) are members of the genus Pestivirus (family Flaviviridae), responsible for a number of clinical signs, including subclinical infections, immunosuppression, acute diarrhea, respiratory disease, reproductive failures, and mucosal disease in persistently infected calves. Reproductive disorders caused by BVDVs vary according to the fetal age and include embryo death, abortion, mummification, congenital abnormalities, or stillbirths (2). Thus far, two different BVDV species have been recognized, BVDV-1 and BVDV-2, that cocirculate in cattle herds worldwide (20). In 2004, an atypical pestivirus, strain D32/00_Hobi, was isolated from a contaminated batch of fetal calf serum (FCS) (19). The virus was distantly related to BVDV-1/BVDV-2, and it was proposed as a prototype of a new pestivirus species (14, 15). Hobi-like sequences have been repeatedly detected in commercial FCS batches (17,22,23), whereas there are few reports on natural infections (4, 5, 21, 23) and clinical outbreaks (5). The virus has been recently detected in aborted bovine fetuses in Brazil, thus suggesting direct clinical implications (4).Here, we report the isolation and genetic characterization of a Hobi-like strain detected from aborted fetuses in southern Italy. The abortion outbreak occurred in June 2011 in a cattle herd where a Hobi-like pestivirus-associated respiratory disease had been recently described (5). Abortion was observed in eight multiparous cows in a group of 270 lactating Holstein cows and occurred between the fourth and sixth months of pregnancy. The animals neither showed prodromal signs nor presented postabortion complications. Two aborted fetuses (280/11-A, 280/11-B) were sent to our laboratory, and tissue samples were collected from lungs, spleens, livers, kidneys, and placentas for diagnostic investigations. Nucleic acids were purified using the DNeasy tissue kit (Qiagen) and QIAamp RNeasy minikit (Qiagen). Reverse transcription (RT)-PCR and PCR assays were performed using SuperScript one-step RT-PCR for long templates (Life Technologies) and LA PCR kit version 2.1 (TaKaRa Bio Inc.), respectively. Positive and negative controls were processed in parallel to the screened samples. The samples tested negative by PCR for Chlamydophila spp. 3, 8). Conversely, the pestivirus genome was detected with two different 24), and the virus was characterized as Hobi-like by a species-specific nested PCR (7) (Fig. 1A). Viral titers, quantified by a TaqMan-based real...

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“…As long as there are no routine lab tests of HoBi virus infection in most countries and available diagnostic tests lack specificity, these viruses may remain unnoticed and supposedly exist in other countries. The situation is aggravated by the fact that they like the BVDV are able to induce persistent infection and form permanent epizootic foci [35]. In Brazil, Italy and Thailand, in the herds, where these viruses might have already spread, they may lead to economic losses associated with the clinical manifestation of infection, reduced productivity and decrease in immunity (independently from the BVD virus circulation or concurrently).…”

Section: « H O B I»-l I K E V I R U S E S (A T Y P I C a L P E S T I mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The isolates SV241/10 and SV311/10 were identified from white blood cells of cattle and buffaloes with reproductive disturbances in the southern part of the country. In the mid-west region of Brazil the «HoBi»-like virus was identified from a calf spleen during a gastrointestinal disease [6,35].…”

Section: « H O B I»-l I K E V I R U S E S (A T Y P I C a L P E S T I mentioning

confidence: 99%