Detection and quantitation of forty eight cytokines, chemokines, growth factors and nine acute phase proteins in healthy human plasma, saliva and urine

Khan, Alamgir

doi:10.1016/j.jprot.2012.05.018

Cited by 73 publications

(70 citation statements)

References 79 publications

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“…Under such conditions, salivary inflammation increases due to higher local production of inflammatory factors and possibly an increased infiltration from blood (Bosch, 2014). Several studies have reported substantially higher levels of inflammatory markers in saliva than in blood (Khan, 2012; Miller et al, 2010; Rahnama et al, 2013), further supporting the notion that salivary cytokines are being produced by local tissues in lieu of (or in addition) to their infiltrating the mouth from the periphery (i.e., from blood). Importantly, a vast majority (>80%) of adults in the United States exhibit gingivitis in one or more teeth, and almost 50% of individuals over age 50 present with some level of periodontal disease (Albandar, 2002).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 68%

Salivary markers of inflammation in response to acute stress

Slavish

Graham‐Engeland

Smyth

2015

Brain, Behavior, and Immunity

215

201

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There is burgeoning interest in the ability to detect inflammatory markers in response to stress within naturally occurring social contexts and/or across multiple time points per day within individuals. Salivary collection is a less invasive process than current methods of blood collection and enables intensive naturalistic methodologies, such as those involving extensive repeated measures per day over time. Yet the reliability and validity of saliva-based to blood-based inflammatory biomarkers in response to stress remains unclear. We review and synthesize the published studies that have examined salivary markers of inflammation following exposure to an acute laboratory stressor. Results from each study are reviewed by analyte (IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6, IL-2, IL-4, IL-10, IL-12, CRP) and stress type (social-cognitive and exercise-physical), after which methodological issues and limitations are addressed. Although the literature is limited, several inflammatory markers (including IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-6) have been reliably determined from saliva and have increased significantly in response to stress across multiple studies, with effect sizes ranging from very small to very large. Although CRP from saliva has been associated with CRP in circulating blood more consistently than other biomarkers have been associated with their counterparts in blood, evidence demonstrating it reliably responds to acute stress is absent. Although the current literature is presently too limited to allow broad assertion that inflammatory biomarkers determined from saliva are valuable for examining acute stress responses, this review suggests that specific targets may be valid and highlights specific areas of need for future research.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 68%

Salivary markers of inflammation in response to acute stress

Slavish

Graham‐Engeland

Smyth

2015

Brain, Behavior, and Immunity

215

201

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“…Although early rejection episodes, predicted by urinary markers, may be prevented with therapeutic interventions, it remains a major risk factor for subsequent graft dysfunction. 8,9 Among the patients who had renal allograft rejection, 83% occurred within 3 months after transplant and 66.7% occurred within 1 month after transplant. Many researchers have reported increased serum concentrations of TNF-α during acute rejection of liver, heart, and kidney allografts.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Untitled

Ciftci

Demir²,

Karadeniz³

et al. 2018

Exp Clin Transplant

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Objectives: Allograft rejection is an important cause of early and long-term graft loss in kidney transplant recipients. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha promotes T-cell activation, the key reaction leading to allograft rejection. Here, we investigated whether serum and urinary tumor necrosis factor-alpha levels can predict allograft rejection. Materials and Methods: This study included 65 living related-donor renal transplant recipients with mean follow-up of 26 ± 9 months. Serum and urinary tumor necrosis factor-alpha levels were measured at pretransplant and at posttransplant time points (days 1 and 7 and months 3 and 6); serum creatinine levels were also monitored during posttransplant follow-up. Standard enzyme-linked immunoabsorbent assay was used to detect tumor necrosis factor-alpha levels. Clinical variables were monitored. Results: Nine of 65 patients (13.8%) had biopsy-proven rejection during follow-up. Preoperative serum and urinary tumor necrosis factor-alpha levels were not significantly different when we compared patients with and without rejection. Serum tumor necrosis factor-alpha levels (in pg/mL) were significantly higher in the allograft rejection versus nonrejection group at day 7 (11.5 ± 4.7 vs 15.4 ± 5.8; P = .029) and month 1 (11.1 ± 4.8 vs 17.8 ± 10.9; P =.003). Urinary tumor necrosis factor-alpha levels (in pg/mL) were also elevated in the allograft rejection versus the nonrejection group at days 1 (10.2 ± 2.5 vs 14.1 ± 6.8; P = .002) and 7 (9.8 ± 2.2 vs 14.5 ± 2.7; P < .001) and at months 1 (8.0 ± 1.7 vs 11.8 ± 2.4; P < .001), 3 (7.7 ± 1.6 vs 9.6 ± 1.7; P = .002), and 6 (7.4 ± 1.6 vs 8.9 ± 0.9; P = .005). Conclusions: Our preliminary findings suggest that tumor necrosis factor-alpha has a role in diagnosing renal transplant rejection. Serum and urinary tumor necrosis factor-alpha levels may be a possible predictor for allograft rejection.

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“…In future studies, it would also be worth analyzing more than one body fluid to increase the odds of identifying appropriate biomarkers with greater sensitivity. 25 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel biomarkers of periodontitis and/or obesity in saliva—An exploratory analysis

Recker

Brogden

Ávila‐Ortiz

et al. 2015

Archives of Oral Biology

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Objective Recent studies point to the clinical and research utility of saliva as a valuable diagnostic aid for monitoring periodontal health. The objectives of this study were to detect novel biomarkers attributed to chronic inflammation in saliva and to determine if the levels of these markers correlate with severity of periodontitis and with standard obesity measures in participants in a periodontal maintenance program. Design In this cross-sectional assessment of 63 participants, unstimulated whole saliva was collected after recording anthropometric and clinical parameters of obesity and periodontitis, respectively. The levels of interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra), sCD40L, granzyme B and alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) in saliva were determined using multiplex proteomic immunoassays. The correlation between the four tested biomarker concentrations and obesity/periodontal measures was determined. Results Positive correlation between fat% and granzyme B levels (r=0.292; p=0.020) and negative correlation between BMI and sCD40L (r=0.256;p=0.043) was observed. In addition, positive correlation between severity of periodontal disease and levels of IL1-ra (r=0.253; p=0.046) and negative correlation between periodontitis severity and sCD40L salivary levels (r=0.272; p=0.031) was noted. None of the above correlations remained statistically significant after multiple comparisons adjustment. After adjustment for clinical covariates, the relationship between sCD40L and periodontal severity remained suggestive (p=0.081). Conclusions Levels of four novel biomarkers of periodontitis were detectable in saliva of subjects enrolled in a periodontal maintenance program. Prospective studies with larger sample sizes and other populations are warranted to explore the diagnostic applicability of these markers.

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Detection and quantitation of forty eight cytokines, chemokines, growth factors and nine acute phase proteins in healthy human plasma, saliva and urine

Cited by 73 publications

References 79 publications

Salivary markers of inflammation in response to acute stress

Salivary markers of inflammation in response to acute stress

Untitled

Novel biomarkers of periodontitis and/or obesity in saliva—An exploratory analysis

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