Detection and <scp>C</scp>haracterization of <scp>P</scp>hytoplasma <scp>A</scp>ssociated with <scp>B</scp>ig <scp>B</scp>ud <scp>D</scp>isease of <scp>T</scp>omato in <scp>C</scp>hina

Xu, Xiaoyong; Mou, Hai-Qing; Zhu, Shuifang; Liao, X; Zhao, Wenran

doi:10.1111/jph.12065

Cited by 16 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…P. lycopersici" (Arocha et al, 2007). Although this is so, symptoms triggered by them are essentially very close to each other, in harmony with our study (Fig 1) including big bud, virescence, dwarfing, yellowing or purpling of leaves, overgrowth calyx, and abnormal adventitious shoots, due to the upsetting of the balance of plant hormones (Bertaccini et al, 2005;Santos-Cervantesa et al, 2007;Xu et al, 2013).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Stolbur and Clover Proliferation Phytoplasma Infections in Tomato from Bingöl province, Turkey

Güller¹,

Usta²

2020

Türk Tarım Ve Doğa Bilimleri Dergisi

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Phytoplasma-type symptoms were noted in tomato (Lycopersicum esculentum L.) in Bingöl province of Turkey. The remarkable symptoms include witch's broom, rosetting, purple curled and crispy leaves, small leaves in the upper branches and excessively elongated calyx. Genomic DNA isolation was performed to identify possible pathogens from the leaves of 11 plants with and without symptom. In the Nested-PCR test performed using universal primer sets, DNA bands of approximately 1200 bp size were obtained in 4 of 11 samples. Randomly chosen two DNA bands primed R16F2n/R16R2 were cloned into an appropriate plasmid vector to further characterizations. The recombinant plasmid DNAs purified were sequenced in both directions. Molecular assays of the 16S rRNA sequence confirmed the existence of the "Canditatus Phytoplasma solani" (16SrXII-A group) (similarity coefficient 1.00) (Accession no: MT279680) and the "Canditatus Phytoplasma trifolii" (16SrVI-A group) (similarity coefficient 1.00) (Accession no: MT279852) in the infected tomato samples. The isolates associated with tomato-phytoplasma were named as 'Bingöl D11' and 'Bingöl D90' isolates, respectively. The phylogenetic dendrogram created also confirmed where both pathogens belong. This current paper is documented in the first record of "Ca. P. solani" (16SrXII-A) and "Ca. P. trifolii" (16SrVI-A) in naturally diseased tomato in Bingöl of Turkey.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Stolbur and Clover Proliferation Phytoplasma Infections in Tomato from Bingöl province, Turkey

Güller¹,

Usta²

2020

Türk Tarım Ve Doğa Bilimleri Dergisi

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“…For instance, phytoplasmas in the 16SrIII group are reported to induce symptoms of little leaf, stunting and witches’ broom in different vegetable crops including cabbage, chili, squash, potato, tomato, and bitter gourd. On the other hand, big bud disease of tomato could be associated with different phytoplasma groups in different geographical areas such as aster yellows (16SrI) in Iran, peanut witches’ broom (16SrII) in China and India, elm yellows (16SrV) in Mauritius, clover proliferation (16SrVI) in United States and “stolbur” (16SrXII) in Russia (Gungoosingh-Bunwaree et al, 2007; Ember et al, 2011; Xu et al, 2013; Sichani et al, 2014; Kumari et al, 2018). Furthermore, several studies reported two or more distinct phytoplasma group infections in a single plant.…”

Section: Symptomatologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Global Status of Phytoplasma Diseases in Vegetable Crops

et al. 2019

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The presence of phytoplasmas and their associated diseases is an emerging threat to vegetable production which leads to severe yield losses worldwide. Phytoplasmas are phloem-limited pleomorphic bacteria lacking the cell wall, mainly transmitted through leafhoppers but also by plant propagation materials and seeds. Phytoplasma diseases of vegetable crops are characterized by symptoms such as little leaves, phyllody, flower virescence, big buds, and witches’ brooms. Phytoplasmas enclosed in at least sixteen different ribosomal groups infecting vegetable crops have been reported thus far across the world. The aster yellows phytoplasma group (16SrI) is presently the prevalent, followed by the peanut witches’ broom (16SrII). Wide and overlapping crop and non-crop host ranges of phytoplasmas, polyphagous insect vectors, limited availability of resistance sources and unavailability of environmentally safe chemical control measures lead to an arduous effort in the management of these diseases. The most feasible control of vegetable phytoplasma diseases is a consequence of the development and implementation of integrated disease management programs. The availability of molecular tools for phytoplasma identification at the strain level greatly facilitated this kind of approach. It is moreover essential to understand the molecular basis of phytoplasma-vector interaction, epidemiology and other factors involved in disease development in order to reduce the disease outbreaks. Information on the knowledge about the most widespread phytoplasma diseases in vegetable crops is reviewed here in a comprehensive manner.

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“…EY phytoplasma-related strains were mainly identified in the east and north areas, such as in Shandong and Hebei, which harbor several plant hosts (Yu et al, 2012; Li et al, 2014). Conversely, the presence of phytoplasma strains associated with the PnWB was largely reported in SC and SW in important crops such as Lycopersicum esculentum (Xu et al, 2013) and Brassica oleraceae (Cai et al, 2016). Phytoplasmas related to the Stolbur group were reported in different vine-growing areas in China, and they were identified in the Shaanxi autonomous region (NW) in V. vinifera plants (Duduk et al, 2010), suggesting the presence of phytoplasma strains associated with BN.…”

Section: China and Taiwanmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Distribution of Phytoplasmas in South and East Asia: An Emerging Threat to Grapevine Cultivation

et al. 2019

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Grapevine is largely cultivated in several parts of the world, and a spurt in its cultivation has occurred in the last two decades in grapevine cultivated areas of South and East Asia, mainly in China, India, Japan, Korea, Thailand, and Indonesia. Grapevine yellows (GY) represent one of the most important diseases in viticultural areas of the world, and they have been assigned to five different groups: aster yellows [AY (16SrI)], peanut witches’ broom [PnWB (16SrII)], X-disease (16SrIII), elm yellows [EY (16SrV)], and Stolbur (16SrXII). This study provides a comprehensive overview of the presence of phytoplasma strains and their vectors associated with GY complex, and their potential impact on viticulture of the South and East Asia. In general, both AY and EY were reported on several herbaceous plants and/or cultivated plants in South and East Asia, along with its vectors that were largely reported in China and sporadically in Japan. Interestingly, AY and EY are yet not found in South and East Asia grapevine regions; however, their presence on different plant species suggests the potential spread of the pathogens that may occur in grapevine regions in the near future. Additionally, a few reports also suggest the presence of Stolbur group in Asian countries, along with one study that found a Stolbur-related strain in China on Vitis vinifera. Similarly, PnWB was also frequently reported in India and China on several plant species, but not in grapes. Conversely, sporadic detections of phytoplasma strains related to X-disease in Thailand, South Korea, and China indicate that their potential influence in viticulture is rather negligible. Our review suggests that monitoring and control strategies against GY are essential in order to prevent epidemic phytoplasma spread, especially in vine-allocated areas in Asia.

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Detection and Characterization of Phytoplasma Associated with Big Bud Disease of Tomato in China

Cited by 16 publications

References 6 publications

Stolbur and Clover Proliferation Phytoplasma Infections in Tomato from Bingöl province, Turkey

Stolbur and Clover Proliferation Phytoplasma Infections in Tomato from Bingöl province, Turkey

Global Status of Phytoplasma Diseases in Vegetable Crops

The Distribution of Phytoplasmas in South and East Asia: An Emerging Threat to Grapevine Cultivation

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