Detection by PCR of <i>Candidatus</i> Liberibacter asiaticus, the bacterium causing citrus huanglongbing in vector psyllids: application to the study of vector–pathogen relationships

Hung, Ting‐Hsuan; Hung, Shih-Ya; Chen, C.-N.; Hsu, Meng-Hao; Su, Hong‐Ji

doi:10.1111/j.1365-3059.2004.00948.x

Cited by 154 publications

(138 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…By contrast, no evidence of 'Ca. L. asiaticus' transovarial passage or a low rate of transmission is observed in D. citri (Hung et al, 2004;Pelz-Stelinski et al, 2010). In our study, CaLso was detected in 20.3% of eggs laid on carrot by females contaminated with the pathogen, with females are known to probe more times, to ingest longer from phloem sieve elements and to reach phloem tissues more frequently than males (Antolínez et al, 2017a).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 64%

Transmission of ‘Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum’ by Bactericera trigonica Hodkinson to vegetable hosts

Teresani

Hernández

Bertolini

et al. 2018

Span. j. agric. res.

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The bacterium 'Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum' is a recent plant pathogen of several crops in Solanaceae and Apiaceae and is associated with economically important diseases. The bacterium is a carrot seed borne pathogen that can also be transmitted from potato mother tubers and by psyllid vectors. The psyllid Bactericera trigonica Hodkinson was described carrying CaLso associated with vegetative disorders in carrot and celery crops in Spain and its competence to transmit this phloem-limited bacterium among vegetables is currently being investigated. Here electrical penetration graphs showed that B. trigonica fed in the phloem of carrot and celery and probed the phloem in potato, but not in tomato plants. The bacterium was efficiently transmitted to carrot and celery plants when either single B. trigonica or groups of ten fed on these species. An inoculation access period of 24 hours was sufficient for a single B. trigonica to transmit the bacterium to carrot (67.8%), celery (21.1%) and eventually to potato and tomato (6.0%). Higher transmission rates were obtained with 10 individuals on celery (100%), carrot (80%), potato (10%) and tomato (10%). Bactericera trigonica laid eggs, and the hatched nymphs develop into adult on carrot and celery, but not on potato and tomato. CaLso was detected in 20% of the eggs laid by females carrying the bacterium. The results confirmed that B. trigonica is a vector of the bacterium to carrot and celery, and it is discussed the potential role of this psyllid in the transmission of the pathogen to potato and tomato plants.Additional keywords: electrical penetration graph; haplotype E; psyllids; real-time PCR; transovarial passage.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 64%

Transmission of ‘Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum’ by Bactericera trigonica Hodkinson to vegetable hosts

Teresani

Hernández

Bertolini

et al. 2018

Span. j. agric. res.

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“…Since insects that carry the pathogen do not have a shortened life span or other adverse effects (12), "Ca. Liberibacter" is thought to act more as an endosymbiont than as a pathogen in insects.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of an ATP Translocase Identified in the Destructive Plant Pathogen “ Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus”

Vahling

Duan

Lin³

2010

J Bacteriol

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ATP/ADP translocases transport ATP across a lipid bilayer, which is normally impermeable to this molecule due to its size and charge. These transport proteins appear to be unique to mitochondria, plant plastids, and obligate intracellular bacteria. All bacterial ATP/ADP translocases characterized thus far have been found in endosymbionts of protozoa or pathogens of higher-order animals, including humans. A putative ATP/ADP translocase was uncovered during the genomic sequencing of the intracellular plant pathogen "Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus," the causal agent of citrus huanglongbing. Bioinformatic analysis of the protein revealed 12 transmembrane helices and predicted an isoelectric point of 9.4, both of which are characteristic of this family of proteins. The "Ca. Liberibacter asiaticus" gene (nttA) encoding the translocase was subsequently expressed in Escherichia coli and shown to enable E. coli to import ATP directly into the cell. Competition assays with the heterologous E. coli system demonstrated that the translocase was highly specific for ATP and ADP but that other nucleotides, if present in high concentrations, could also be taken up and/or block the ability of the translocase to import ATP. In addition, a protein homologous to NttA was identified in "Ca. Liberibacter solanacearum," the bacterium associated with potato zebra chip disease. This is the first reported characterization of an ATP translocase from "Ca. Liberibacter asiaticus," indicating that some intracellular bacteria of plants also have the potential to import ATP directly from their environment.

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“…Leaves become thicker, with enlarged and corky veins and green areas are lacking. In later stages, zinc-like deficiency symptoms developed, followed by leaf drop and twig dieback [14] . Ahmad was not able to detect HLB on C. grandis in green house after six months of infection [2] .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential Reaction of Citrus Species in Malaysia to Huanglongbing (HLB) Disease using Grafting Method

Shokrollah¹

2009

American Journal of Agricultural and Biological Sciences

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Problem statement: Huanglongbing (HLB) is a phloem limited disease in citrus caused by a fastidious bacterium called 'Candidatus Liberibacter' found in Africa, Asia and United States of America (USA). HLB can severely reduce vigor and yield or kill all citrus trees within 5 years. There is a need to screen and identify suitable rootstock for propagation of clean plan materials for citrus in the tropics. This study was conducted to detect the presence of HLB on 18 selected citrus species and to categorize the level of infection and susceptibility of citrus species to HLB. Approach: Eighteen citrus species were assessed for susceptibility to HLB by graft transmission from source infection (Citrus reticulata). Results HLB was detected in 15 species 6 months after grafting using PCR test. Conclusion:The species could be categorized in five groups: Severe group (72-58% severity) which includes C. reticulata, C. sinensis, C. reshni cv. cleopatra, moderate group (50-41% severity) includes Fortunella sp. cv. Kasturi Chinai, C. macrophylla, C. microcarpa, mild group (25-17% severity) which included C. medica, C. aurantifolia, Citrus sp. (natural biotype), C. jambhiri. The tolerant group which did not show any HLB symptoms but tested positive by PCR test includes C. aurantium and C. aurantifolia. The resistant groups which include C. grandis cv. Limau Bali, C. hysterix and Citrus sp. cv. Limau Tembikai showed no symptoms and were tested negative for HLB.

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Detection by PCR of Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus, the bacterium causing citrus huanglongbing in vector psyllids: application to the study of vector–pathogen relationships

Cited by 154 publications

References 20 publications

Transmission of ‘Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum’ by Bactericera trigonica Hodkinson to vegetable hosts

Transmission of ‘Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum’ by Bactericera trigonica Hodkinson to vegetable hosts

Characterization of an ATP Translocase Identified in the Destructive Plant Pathogen “ Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus”

Differential Reaction of Citrus Species in Malaysia to Huanglongbing (HLB) Disease using Grafting Method

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