Detection, occurrence and fate of 22 psychiatric pharmaceuticals in psychiatric hospital and municipal wastewater treatment plants in Beijing, China

Yuan, Shiwen; Jiang, Xiaohui; Xia, Xuezhi; Zhang, Haixia; Zheng, Shuilin

doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2012.10.089

Cited by 204 publications

(103 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…6,7 However, most of the available analytical techniques have been developed for the determination of these trace of contaminants in the dissolved phase 5 and most monitoring studies have focused on detecting pharmaceuticals in surface water [8][9][10] and wastewater. [11][12][13] Fewer analytical methods are available for soil [14][15][16] and sediment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of pharmaceuticals in freshwater sediments using ultrasonic-assisted extraction with SPE clean-up and HPLC-DAD or LC-ESI-MS/MS detection

Al-Khazrajy

Boxall

2017

Anal. Methods

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A robust and sensitive analytical method is presented for the extraction and determination of six pharmaceuticals in freshwater sediments. The pharmaceuticals were extracted from sediment using ultrasonic extraction with 2% NH 4 OH in methanol (MeOH), followed by extraction into 2% formic acid in MeOH and then MeOH only. The resulting extracts were then analysed, after clean-up on HLB solid phase extraction cartridges, using a single gradient run using a Zorbax Eclipse XDB-C18 (150 × 4.6 mm, 5 m) column and a mobile phase consisting of 10 mM ammonium acetate and MeOH (pH=4.8). Analytes were detected and quantified using either Diode Array Detector (DAD) or tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) with electrospray ionization in positive mode. Validation studies were carried out using ten sediments sampled from the UK and Iraq with a wide range of characteristics. The mean calculated recoveries for fortified samples in all studied sediments ranged from 74.5 to 114.6% for atenolol, 72.3 to 124.9% for amitriptyline, 76.5 to 105% for mefenamic acid and 70.1 to 102% for diltiazem. Cimetidine and ranitidine showed lower recoveries which ranged from 40.2 to 68.4% and 30.4 to 55.2% respectively. Relative standard deviations (RSD) of recoveries for all sediment-pharmaceutical combinations ranged from 1.6 to 15.8%. The detection limits in sediments for the six analytes ranged from 15 to 58.5 ng g -1 and 0.03 to 3.5 ng g

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of pharmaceuticals in freshwater sediments using ultrasonic-assisted extraction with SPE clean-up and HPLC-DAD or LC-ESI-MS/MS detection

Al-Khazrajy

Boxall

2017

Anal. Methods

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“…Also, the microbial activity and biological reactions are reduced due to low temperatures in winter leading to increased concentrations of pharmaceuticals in the wastewater. Yuan et al, (2013) found LZP at concentration 205 ng l -1 in the influent, 294 ng l -1 in effluent. FLU was measured concentration at 120.7 ng l -1 in the influent, <dl in effluent (Silva et al, 2014).…”

Section: Concentration Of Antidepressants In Influent and Effluentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antidepressants in urban wastewater treatment plant: occurrence, removal and risk assessment

2017

Global NEST Journal

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In this study, an analytical methods for determination of antidepressants including (diazepam (DZP), lorazepam (LZP), carbamazepine (CBZ), fluoxetine (FLU)) was developed. The concentration of antidepressants was monitored in Konya Urban Wastewater Treatment Plant influent and effluent samples for one years. Environmental risk assessment was performed with detected concentration with treatment plant effluent wastewater by hazard quotient (HQ) methods. Oasis HLB cartridges with SPE system was used for extraction of wastewater samples. The effect of sample volume and pH, different analyte concentration, pretreatment and matrix on efficiency of cartridges were optimized. Quantitative analyses of the target compounds were performed by LC/MS-MS system. Recoveries of antidepressant compounds from fortified wastewater were over 87% for three different fortification levels. The limits of detection were determined between 0.006 and 0.118 ng l -1 . CBZ, FLU and LZP concentration in influent varied from 6.3 to 135.6 ng l -1

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“…[100,101] Occurrence of chlorpromazine, clozapine and risperidone was reported in influents and effluents of five treatment plants in Beijing, China [100] (Table 18). The mean concentrations of chlorpromazine, clozapine and risperidone were ,367, 17-12 800 and ,69 ng L À1 respectively in influents, and ,99, 15-8180 and ,12 ng L À1 respectively in effluents.…”

Section: Antipsychotics and Antischizophrenia Pharmaceuticalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The mean concentrations of chlorpromazine, clozapine and risperidone were ,367, 17-12 800 and ,69 ng L À1 respectively in influents, and ,99, 15-8180 and ,12 ng L À1 respectively in effluents. [100] Primary treatment did not remove these drugs in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) [100] (Table 18). …”

Section: Antipsychotics and Antischizophrenia Pharmaceuticalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuropsychiatric pharmaceuticals and illicit drugs in wastewater treatment plants: a review

Asimakopoulos

Kannan

2016

Environ. Chem.

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Environmental context. Neuropsychiatric pharmaceuticals and illicit drugs in wastewaters are of increasing environmental concern. We compile the recent literature and evaluate the concentrations and profiles of various drugs and their removal efficiencies in wastewater treatment plants. The sewage epidemiology approach, used in the estimation of drug usage in communities, is discussed, and we make recommendations for future research in this area.Abstract. Neuropsychiatric pharmaceuticals and illicit drugs encompass a broad range of compounds including opioids, amphetamine-type stimulants, cannabinoids, benzodiazepines, barbiturates, antipsychotics, anaesthetics, anti-epileptics and mood stabilisers, lysergic compounds, sympathomimetic amines and cocaine derivatives. In this article, we review studies on the occurrence and fate of these drugs in wastewater treatment plants. In general, among various drugs studied, the concentrations and detection frequencies of opioids and cocaine derivatives were the highest in wastewaters. The forensic analysis of wastewaters suggests that cocaine and opioids usage has increased. Given the fact that data on drug usage can be used for making regulatory decisions and policies, this review focuses on understanding the sources and environmental dynamics of neuropsychiatric and illicit drugs. There is a pressing need for more research on the magnitude and extent of illicit drug consumption. The 'sewage epidemiology' approach, currently applied in the estimation of illicit drug consumption in communities, is reviewed. The field of wastewater research has been advancing in multipronged paths, incorporating concepts in analytical chemistry, organic chemistry, environmental chemistry, biochemistry, sewage engineering, drug epidemiology and statistics. Future prospects with regard to the occurrence and environmental fate of illicit and psychoactive drugs are recommended.

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Detection, occurrence and fate of 22 psychiatric pharmaceuticals in psychiatric hospital and municipal wastewater treatment plants in Beijing, China

Cited by 204 publications

References 24 publications

Determination of pharmaceuticals in freshwater sediments using ultrasonic-assisted extraction with SPE clean-up and HPLC-DAD or LC-ESI-MS/MS detection

Determination of pharmaceuticals in freshwater sediments using ultrasonic-assisted extraction with SPE clean-up and HPLC-DAD or LC-ESI-MS/MS detection

Antidepressants in urban wastewater treatment plant: occurrence, removal and risk assessment

Neuropsychiatric pharmaceuticals and illicit drugs in wastewater treatment plants: a review

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