Detection of Biofilm Production Capability and icaA/D Genes Among Staphylococci Isolates from Shiraz, Iran

Abstract

Background: Biofilm formation capacity is recognized as an important virulence factor in staphylococci that makes the organisms more resistant to antibiotics and host defenses. Objectives: This study aimed to determine the biofilm producing ability and presence of icaA/D genes in staphylococcal isolates obtained from different clinical specimens. Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on a total of 151 staphylococcal isolates (79 Staphylococcus aureus and 72 S. epidermidis) obtained from different clinical specimens from February to August 2013 in Shiraz, Southwest of Iran. Slime production ability was evaluated using the both phenotypic (by cultivation of staphylococcal isolates on Congo red agar (CRA)) and genotypic (detection of the presence of icaA/D genes by PCR) methods. Results: Overall, of the 79 S. aureus isolates tested with CRA method, 64.7% of methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) isolates, and 46.7% of methicillin-sensitive S. aureus (MSSA) isolates were able to produce biofilm. The relative frequency of biofilm producing S. epidermidis isolates was 70.8% that was significantly higher than that of S. aureus isolates. The most common source of biofilm producing isolates in both S. aureus and S. epidermidis isolates was endotracheal tube (ETT) with 100% biofilm formation. Moreover, the presence of icaA/D genes was detected in 63.3% and 81.9% of S. aureus and S. epidermidis isolates, respectively. Conclusions: The remarkable rates of biofilm production ability among clinically isolated staphylococci emphasize the necessity of more effective infections control policies to prevent biofilm formation on medical devices and hospital environmental surfaces.

Genotypic and phenotypic analysis of biofilm formation Staphylococcus epidermidis isolates from clinical specimens

“…Observed results happen to be the same as Delpozo and Patel Filho's findings [8,17]. In 2016, two different studies investigated clinical isolates of S. epidermidis collected from a private hospital in Tehran [18] and clinical isolates from Shiraz city [19]. Zalipour reported that in 81.9% of clinical isolates of S. epidermidis, ica Luci was observed [19].…”

“…In 2016, two different studies investigated clinical isolates of S. epidermidis collected from a private hospital in Tehran [18] and clinical isolates from Shiraz city [19]. Zalipour reported that in 81.9% of clinical isolates of S. epidermidis, ica Luci was observed [19]. Rahimi reported that 82% of the isolated strains were biofilm-formers and all of the biofilm former S. epidermidis isolates carried icaA, icaD, aap, and atlE genes [18].…”

Microbial Etiology and Antibacterial Resistance Patterns of Dacryocystorhinostomy Cases in the North of Iran S

“…Despite this fact, 33 patients (45.8%) had chronic dacryocystitis in our study, with S. epidermidis being the dominant bacterial species (7 patients: 21.2%), and thus, we suggest that based on the present study, chronic dacryocystitis could be a potential source of intraocular infections due to higher growth rates of S. epidermidis and E. aerogenes (20). Moreover, this finding may be because of significant biofilm-producing ability of staphylococci and their association with chronic and implanted medical devices infections [27].…”

Prevalence of Panton-Valentine Leukocidin Gene among Community AcquiredStaphylococcus aureus: A Real-Time PCR Study

“…Jain and Agarwal [ 28 ] reported a higher rate where 64% of staphylococcal intravascular isolates were biofilm producers by CRA method. Zalipour et al [ 29 ] reported that forty-three (54.4%) biofilm forming strains were found in clinical specimens in Iran by CRA assay. In the current study, seven (32%) isolates were strong biofilm formers and fifteen (68%) isolates were moderate biofilm formers.…”