Detection of classical swine fever virus E2 gene in cattle serum samples from cattle herds of Meghalaya

Chakraborty, A. K.; Karam, Amarjit; Mukherjee, Priyanka; Barkalita, Luit Moni; Borah, Probodh; Das, Samir; Sanjukta, Rajkumari; Puro, K.; Ghatak, Sandeep; Shakuntala, I.; Sharma, Indu; Laha, R.

doi:10.1007/s13337-018-0433-9

Cited by 7 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 28 publications

(29 reference statements)

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“…Hence, this region is highly prone to the transboundary transmission of CSFV strains. CSFV genotype 2 has been reported from outbreaks in these regions (Chakraborty et al, 2018;Patil et al, 2010;Rajkhowa, Hauhnar, Lalrohlua, Mohanarao, & J., 2014). Our isolate and the isolates of the first outbreak of CSF Moennig et al, (2003), where the CFR can reach as high as 100%.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

A further outbreak of classical swine fever in indigenous pigs in Kurigram district, Bangladesh

Chowdhuary¹,

Islam²,

Khair³

et al. 2020

Transbound Emerg Dis

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Deaths of native scavenging pigs were reported in mid‐November 2015 at Nageswari sub‐district, Kurigram district of Bangladesh. The investigation for a suspected classical swine fever (CSF) outbreak was accomplished via a joint outbreak investigation team from Department of Livestock Services (DLS) and Food and Agriculture Organization, Emergency Center for Transboundary Animal Disease (FAO‐ECTAD), Bangladesh. Out of 592 pigs, 396 were infected and among them 263 died. The attack rate and case fatality rate were 66.9% and 66.4%, respectively. The epidemic curve constructed using the data captured from the CSF outbreak site was nearly bell‐shaped, indicating a point source epidemic. The basic reproduction numbers (R0) were estimated to be 1.6 (95% Confidence interval [CI]: 1.5–1.7) and 1.5 (95% CI: 1.3–1.7) based on attack rate and exponential growth rate methods, respectively. Adult pigs showed signs of high fever, staggering gait and depression, whereas piglets either died without any premonitory signs or purulent exudates in the eyes were observed. Post‐mortem examination was carried out on a 6‐month‐old piglet. The necropsy findings included were swollen lymph nodes deep red in colour, and haemorrhages on serous and mucous membranes of the intestinal organs together with button‐like ulceration in the intestines. Nasal swabs and tissue samples (spleen, lung and liver) were tested using real‐time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT‐qPCR) and found to be positive for CSF virus. One‐step RT‐PCR was used to amplify 1,148 base pair of E2 gene in extracted RNA and was sequenced using standard Sanger's sequencing. Phylogenetic analysis revealed the virus as genotype 2.2 that clustered with CSF virus sequences from Bangladesh and India. This is only the second report of a CSF outbreak in Bangladesh. CSF appears to be an emerging transboundary disease in this country. A special programme for controlling swine diseases is needed since pigs are being reared by marginalized communities of Bangladesh to provide livelihoods and food security.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

A further outbreak of classical swine fever in indigenous pigs in Kurigram district, Bangladesh

Chowdhuary¹,

Islam²,

Khair³

et al. 2020

Transbound Emerg Dis

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“…The sequencing of the full length E2 revealed the similarity to the CSFV 2.1 genotype. As a remarkable feature was described by this authors that the bovine samples that tested positive were mostly from farms that were in close proximity to pig farms, suggesting spillover from pigs [ 219 ], which represent a more complex situation for the control of the disease in India.…”

Section: Emergence Of New Csfv Subgenotype In Endemic Regions Undementioning

confidence: 99%

A Critical Review about Different Vaccines against Classical Swine Fever Virus and Their Repercussions in Endemic Regions

et al. 2021

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Classical swine fever (CSF) is, without any doubt, one of the most devasting viral infectious diseases affecting the members of Suidae family, which causes a severe impact on the global economy. The reemergence of CSF virus (CSFV) in several countries in America, Asia, and sporadic outbreaks in Europe, sheds light about the serious concern that a potential global reemergence of this disease represents. The negative aspects related with the application of mass stamping out policies, including elevated costs and ethical issues, point out vaccination as the main control measure against future outbreaks. Hence, it is imperative for the scientific community to continue with the active investigations for more effective vaccines against CSFV. The current review pursues to gather all the available information about the vaccines in use or under developing stages against CSFV. From the perspective concerning the evolutionary viral process, this review also discusses the current problematic in CSF-endemic countries.

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“…In another study, Bhattacharya et al [ 48 ], employing a lentivirus-based gene delivery system, constructed a stable PK-15 cell line expressing E rns (PK-E rns ) for using it to develop an ELISA detecting E rns -specific antibodies in pig sera helping in differentiation of infection from vaccinated animals. Notably, a study from the northeastern region of India reported detection of CSFV in bovine samples after screening 134 cattle serum samples using a commercial antigen capture ELISA, where 10 samples were found positive for CSFV antigen by ELISA [ 49 ].…”

Section: Csf Laboratory Diagnosis In Indiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Classical Swine Fever Virus Biology, Clinicopathology, Diagnosis, Vaccines and a Meta-Analysis of Prevalence: A Review from the Indian Perspective

et al. 2020

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Classical swine fever (CSF) is an economically significant, multi-systemic, highly contagious viral disease of swine world over. The disease is notifiable to the World Organization for Animal Health (OIE) due to its enormous consequences on porcine health and the pig industry. In India, the pig population is 9.06 million and contributes around 1.7% of the total livestock population. The pig industry is not well organized and is mostly concentrated in the eastern and northeastern states of the country (~40% of the country’s population). Since the first suspected CSF outbreak in India during 1944, a large number of outbreaks have been reported across the country, and CSF has acquired an endemic status. As of date, there is a scarcity of comprehensive information on CSF from India. Therefore, in this review, we undertook a systematic review to compile and evaluate the prevalence and genetic diversity of the CSF virus situation in the porcine population from India, targeting particular virus genes sequence analysis, published reports on prevalence, pathology, and updates on indigenous diagnostics and vaccines. The CSF virus (CSFV) is genetically diverse, and at least three phylogenetic groups are circulating throughout the world. In India, though genotype 1.1 predominates, recently published reports point toward increasing evidence of co-circulation of sub-genotype 2.2 followed by 2.1. Sequence identities and phylogenetic analysis of Indian CSFV reveal high genetic divergence among circulating strains. In the meta-analysis random-effects model, the estimated overall CSF prevalence was 35.4%, encompassing data from both antigen and antibody tests, and region-wise sub-group analysis indicated variable incidence from 25% in the southern to nearly 40% in the central zone, eastern, and northeastern regions. A country-wide immunization approach, along with other control measures, has been implemented to reduce the disease incidence and eliminate the virus in time to come.

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Detection of classical swine fever virus E2 gene in cattle serum samples from cattle herds of Meghalaya

Cited by 7 publications

References 28 publications

A further outbreak of classical swine fever in indigenous pigs in Kurigram district, Bangladesh

A further outbreak of classical swine fever in indigenous pigs in Kurigram district, Bangladesh

A Critical Review about Different Vaccines against Classical Swine Fever Virus and Their Repercussions in Endemic Regions

Classical Swine Fever Virus Biology, Clinicopathology, Diagnosis, Vaccines and a Meta-Analysis of Prevalence: A Review from the Indian Perspective

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