Detection of coagulase gene in Staphylococcus aureus from several dairy farms in East Java, Indonesia, by polymerase chain reaction

Abstract

Aim: This study was conducted to study the coagulase (coa) gene-based genetic diversity of Staphylococcus aureus, isolated from different samples of cattle from three different regions in East Java Province, Indonesia. Materials and Methods: A total of 160 raw milk samples collected in East Java Province, Indonesia, were screened for the presence of S. aureus. The presumptive isolates were confirmed by coa test. The confirmed S. aureus isolates were subjected to coa gene polymerase chain reaction. Results: Of 160 different samples, 20 (12.5%) isolates of S. aureus were confirmed by positive coa test. Of 20 S. aureus isolates, 19 (95%) isolates carried coa gene. Six different genotypes of coa gene, i.e., 440 bp, 510 bp, 547 bp, 680 bp, 740 bp, and 820 bp were obtained. One coa genotypes, 510 bp (10 isolates) were observed in polymorphism to be more prevalent than the others, and the genotype was present in at least one isolates from every region. Conclusion: It can be concluded that coa gene is easily epidemiological tool for detection of variation strain from S. aureus.

MecA gene and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolated from dairy farms in East Java, Indonesia

“…The test results found that there were 92 (61%) S. aureus isolates from 150 milk samples taken in 3 regions in East Java, Indonesia (Batu, Pasuruan, and Probolinggo districts) based on morphological characteristics and biochemical tests, as shown in Table 1. S. aureus has phenotypic characteristics of colonies on Mannitol Salt Agar (MSA) media, which changes the color of the media from red to yellow which indicates mannitol fermentation while the colonies have varying pigments including white, yellow, and orange ( Figure 1) (Effendi et al 2019). Gram's method of staining test showed the form of the grampositive colony and shaped like the genus Staphylococcus which was then confirmed by catalase tests and coagulase tests so that it was found that 61% of samples confirmed the presence of S. aureus contamination.…”

“…Identification was done by examination based on morphological cultural characteristics, than microscopic examination using Gram's method of staining which shows Gram-positive bacteria in the form of coccus and clustering (Effendi et al 2018). Biochemical tests were carried out to confirm the S. aureus species with the catalase test and coagulase test (Effendi et al 2019). Catalase tests were carried out by dripping hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) 3% on clean glass objects and mixing with ose of the 1 colony (Tyasningsih et al 2019).…”

“…Catalase tests were carried out by dripping hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) 3% on clean glass objects and mixing with ose of the 1 colony (Tyasningsih et al 2019). Coagulase test was carried out with Coagulase slide test was given 50 µl rabbit blood plasma dripped on a glass object, then mixed with 1 ose of a bacterial colony, and Coagulase tube test using 200 µl blood plasma was added with as much as 3-4 isolate colonies then incubated at 37 o C for 24 hours (Effendi et al 2019).…”

Patterns of Antimicrobial Resistance on Staphylococcus Aureus Isolated From Raw Milk from Dairy Farms in Surabaya

“…The function of penicillin binding protein has an effect on the synthesis of peptidoglycan cell walls and cell growth. Β-lactam antibiotics bind to and inhibit penicillin binding protein (PBPs) which is an enzyme for Peptidoglycan synthesis (6,11) .…”

“…However, the β-lactam group is most often used in the treatment of mastitis (5) , due to S. aureus bacteria can produce β-lactamase. Therefore, almost all isolates of S. aureus bacteria are resistant to penicillin class antibiotics, it is caused by β-lactamase which can break the β-lactam ring found in penicillin group (6,7) .…”