Detection of ctx-M gene in ESBL-producing E. coli strains isolated from urinary tract infection in Semnan, Iran

Abstract

IntroductionThe incidence of urinary tract infections caused by Extended-Spectrum Beta Lactamase (ESBL) producing Escherichia coli (E. coli) strains due to long term and overuse of broad-spectrum cephalosporine is on the rise. CTX beta-lactamase type, a broad-spectrum beta-lactamase, has been expanding in many countries. The ctx gene is harbored on a plasmid that is spread between Enterobacteriaceae family, especially in E. coli. The aim of this study was to determine the pattern of antimicrobial resistance and investigate the prevalent ESBL phenotype and the ctx-M gene in E. coli isolated from patients with urinary tract infections (UTI) in Semnan.MethodsA cross sectional study was performed on 109 strains of E. coli isolated from the urine culture of patient suffering from a UTI referred to Shafa hospital (Semnan, Iran) during March–July 2015. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was applied and the prevalence of the ESBL phenotype was confirmed using combination disk. PCR methods were completed for amplification of the bla ctx gene. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 18 software.ResultsOne hundred ninety samples (4.16%) were identified as E. coli. Twenty one (26.6%) of E. coli were ESBL positive and 73.4% were ESBL negative. There was 100% susceptibility to imipeneme. Twenty (68.97%) out of 29 isolates were positive for the ctx-M gene, as detected by PCR.ConclusionIn urinary tract infections, antibiotic treatment was experimental and detailed information regarding the sensitivity of bacteria in the area can be useful to achieve the best treatment.

Prevalence of Blatem, Blashv, and Blactx-M Genes Among Esbl-Producing Klebsiella Pneumoniae and Escherichia Coli Isolated From Thalassemia in Erbil, Iraq

“…Liao et al (2017)4 and Tabar et al . (2016) reported similar results 16. Carbapenems are often the final influential therapy that exists for infections resulting from MDR Enterobacteriaceae 17.…”

Diversity Determination of CTX-M1 Producing Klebsiella pneumoniae Using Multilocus Variable-Number Tandem Repeat Analysis, Semnan, Iran

“…The CTX-M enzymes are classified into five major groups based on CTX-M amino acid sequences. The occurrence of these CTX-M genotypes greatly varies among ESBL-producing isolates geographically (9,29). Previous studies revealed that CTX-M-1 was the most common one among ESBL gene families (30)(31)(32)(33).…”

“…CTX enzymes are categorized into five important groups including 1, 2, 8, 9, and 25. The CTX-M-1 is the most common type of CTX-M detected in South America, Europe, and Asia (9,10).…”

Evaluation of Virulence Factors and Antibiotic Resistance Patterns in Clinical Urine Isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae in Semnan, Iran

“…Capsular type K1 frequency was significantly lower than 39.5% and 64.3% reported by Liu et al (31) and Lee et al (32), yet significantly higher than 1.4% reported by Maatallah et al (33). Capsular type K2 frequency was significantly higher than 18.4% and 20% reported by Liu et al (30) and Lee et al (32), yet significantly lower than 5% reported by Maatallah et al (33). Frequency of rmpA was significantly higher than 5.5%, 3.6%, and 7.0% reported by Derakhshan et al (27), Maatallah et al (33), and Derakhshan et al, respectively (34).…”

“…These differences were the result of differences in infection control system and therapeutic regimens in different parts of Iran. Age of over 60, long hospitalization, diabetes and previous antibiotic treatment were other factors associated with the ESBL phenotype (30).…”