“…A conductive material, such as water, will produce a low resistivity value, while a non-conducting material, such as air, will produce a large resistivity value because electric current is difficult to flow. In the last decade, the development of the ERT method was also carried out to measure water content in tree trunks and structural differentiation in tree trunks (Lin, et al, 2012;Guyot, et al, 2013) as well as identification of tree decay (Larsson et al, 2004;Soge, et al, 2018).…”