Detection of Epstein-Barr virus infection in the epithelial cells and lymphocytes of non-neoplastic tonsils by in situ hybridization and in situ PCR

Kobayashi, Ryo; Takeuchi, Hiroaki; Sasaki, Masao S.; Hasegawa, Makoto; Hirai, Kanji

doi:10.1007/s007050050332

Cited by 30 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…From there, the virus may reach the endothelial cells locally or via circulating hematopoietic cells and contribute to the formation of the vascular lesions typical of KS. This hypothesis is in line with the infection modalities of the closest related known human herpesvirus, EBV, which is associated with lymphoid and epithelial lesions (25,26,28). EBV infects epithelial cells in vivo (49,52,56), transforms epithelial cells, and inhibits cell differentiation (48).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 57%

Kaposi's Sarcoma-Associated Herpesvirus Can Productively Infect Primary Human Keratinocytes and Alter Their Growth Properties

Cerimele

Curreli²,

Ely

et al. 2001

J Virol

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Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) is a multicentric vascular neoplasm involving the skin and mucosal surfaces and in aggressive cases may involve visceral organs and lymph nodes. KS lesions contain distinctive proliferating spindle cells, activated endothelial cells, fibroblasts, smooth muscle cells, and infiltrating inflammatory cells (35,39). Four different epidemiologic forms of Kaposi's sarcoma have been described, i.e., the classic, endemic, iatrogenic, and AIDS-related forms (22, 47).The gamma-2 herpesvirus KSHV, also known as human herpesvirus 8 (HHV8), has been detected in Ͼ95% of KS patients with all clinical forms of KS (22,34,47). KSHV/HHV8 DNA sequences are also present in primary effusion lymphomas (PEL) (8), a subset of B-cell lymphomas occurring more frequently in AIDS patients and in a significant percentage of patients with multicentric Castelman's disease (51). By in situ hybridization (5) and immunohistochemistry (7,15), the results of several studies have documented the presence of KSHV/HHV8 in spindle and endothelial cells in KS lesions. Reed et al. (38) by analysis of the expression of the latently expressed v-cyclin gene, noted the presence of KSHV/HHV8 DNA in scattered keratinocytes of the epidermis overlying cutaneous lesions. Positive signals were also detected in eccrine ductular epithelial cells and in spindle and endothelial cells lining the well-formed blood vessels within and surrounding KS lesions (38). Similar results were described by Foreman et al. (20), who detected KSHV/HHV8-positive signals by in situ PCR in basal keratinocytes in the area immediately above some of the later-stage (i.e., plaque or tumor) KS lesions. Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), the human herpesvirus most closely related to KSHV/HHV8, has been detected both serologically and histologically in epithelial cells (42,49,56). Epithelial cells of many tissues, including salivary glands and kidneys, support the replication of cytomegalovirus, another herpesvirus that can also infect human keratinocytes (58).In this study we investigated whether KSHV/HHV8 was capable of infecting primary cultures of human keratinocytes in vitro and analyzed the biological consequences of this infection. We demonstrate that KSHV/HHV8 can establish a productive infection in primary human keratinocytes and that viral particles purified from the supernatant of infected keratinocytes can infect other primary cells, such as human endothelial cells. Infection by KSHV/HHV8 resulted in alterations of the keratinocytes, including the development of a spindle-shaped cell morphology similar to that observed in other immortalized cell lines of epithelial origin (24), and the ability to form

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 57%

Kaposi's Sarcoma-Associated Herpesvirus Can Productively Infect Primary Human Keratinocytes and Alter Their Growth Properties

Cerimele

Curreli²,

Ely

et al. 2001

J Virol

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“…Some studies have reported the presence of EBV DNA in desquamated squamous epithelial cells and in tonsil epithelium. [25][26][27] In contrast, other studies have reported no virus in desquamated epithelial cells or unequivocal evidence of EBV-infected tonsillar epithelial cells by EBER ISH and/or LMP1 immunostaining. 4,14,28 The present results, based upon exhaustive histopathologic evaluation of many tonsil sections, provide direct in situ evidence that normal epithelial cells in tonsillar crypts from immunocompetent hosts may rarely be infected by EBV.…”

Section: Ebv In Tonsils Sd Hudnall Et Almentioning

confidence: 89%

Distribution and phenotype of Epstein–Barr virus-infected cells in human pharyngeal tonsils

et al. 2005

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Although Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is often found in human tonsils, it remains to be precisely determined in what cells and microenvironment the virus is present. Although generally regarded as a B lymphotropic virus, EBV is associated with non-B-cell tumors, for example, NK/T-cell lymphoma, carcinoma, and leiomyosarcoma. To provide a basis for understanding the origin and biology of EBV-infected non-B cells, the immunophenotype of all EBV-infected cells in reactive human tonsils was determined by subjecting tonsil sections to dual/triple EBER in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry with monoclonal antibodies to T cells (CD3, CD4, CD8,

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“…Many researchers have suggested that the tonsils are a possible replication site for this virus. 2,3,8,13 Molecular techniques have been used often for diagnosing and monitoring patients with virus diseases. The EBV-DNA can be identified by in situ hybridization (ISH) and the polymerase chain reaction (PCR); some authors consider both equally sensitive for detecting the EBV.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detecção do vírus Epstein-Barr em tonsilites recorrentes

Dias

Rocha

Carvalho³

et al. 2009

Rev. Bras. Otorrinolaringol.

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Recurrent tonsillitis has been the subject of frequent investigation. Misuse of antibiotic therapy in acute tonsillitis, changes to the tonsillar microflora, structural changes to the tonsillar crypts, and viral infections have been listed as predisposing or causal factors for recurrent tonsillitis. Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection usually occurs in early childhood and may persist in tonsillar lymphocytes, thus leading to the onset of recurrent tonsillitis. Little is known about the persistence and reactivation of EBV strains in immunocompetent patients. Methods such as in situ hybridization, polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and immunochemistry have been used to study the pathogenesis of the EBV. Aim: this study aims to characterize the association between EBV and recurrent tonsillitis by investigating the presence of EBV through PCR and immunohistochemistry, using viral protein LMP-1 as a target. Study design: this is a cross-sectional study with analysis of sample prevalence. Materials and method: twenty-four paraffin-embedded tonsil specimens from the Pathology Service were selected. The specimens were removed from children aged between 2 and 12 years diagnosed with recurrent tonsillitis. Results: EBV genome was detected in 13 (54.1%) specimens, whereas viral protein LMP-1 was found in 9 (37.5%) specimens. Conclusion: children's tonsils can be colonized by EBV and such colonies may be associated with the pathogenesis of recurrent tonsillitis.

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Detection of Epstein-Barr virus infection in the epithelial cells and lymphocytes of non-neoplastic tonsils by in situ hybridization and in situ PCR

Cited by 30 publications

References 24 publications

Kaposi's Sarcoma-Associated Herpesvirus Can Productively Infect Primary Human Keratinocytes and Alter Their Growth Properties

Kaposi's Sarcoma-Associated Herpesvirus Can Productively Infect Primary Human Keratinocytes and Alter Their Growth Properties

Distribution and phenotype of Epstein–Barr virus-infected cells in human pharyngeal tonsils

Detecção do vírus Epstein-Barr em tonsilites recorrentes

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