Detection of Fecal/Ingesta Contaminants on Poultry Processing Equipment Surfaces by Visible and Near-Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy

Chao, Kuanglin; Nou, Xiangwu; Liu, Y.; Kim, M. S.; Chan, Diane E.; Yang, Chun‐Chieh; Patel, Jitendra; Sharma, Manan

doi:10.13031/2013.24148

Cited by 16 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…All faecal samples collected in this study showed a similar profile and trend. Two distinct bands were observed around 576 and 670 nm, which had been found previously to be associated with Hb and chlorophyll, respectively [ 42 , 51 , 52 ]. Subsequently, for the prediction of Hb in sheep faeces in the present study, all analyses were carried out within the wavelength range of 387–609 nm to limit the effects of the 670-nm chlorophyll peak.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 81%

Influence of environmental factors on the detection of blood in sheep faeces using visible–near-infrared spectroscopy as a measure of Haemonchus contortus infection

et al. 2020

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Background Existing diagnostic methods for the parasitic gastrointestinal nematode, Haemonchus contortus, are time consuming and require specialised expertise, limiting their utility in the field. A practical, on-farm diagnostic tool could facilitate timely treatment decisions, thereby preventing losses in production and flock welfare. We previously demonstrated the ability of visible–near-infrared (Vis–NIR) spectroscopy to detect and quantify blood in sheep faeces with high accuracy. Here we report our investigation of whether variation in sheep type and environment affect the prediction accuracy of Vis–NIR spectroscopy in quantifying blood in faeces. Methods Visible–NIR spectra were obtained from worm-free sheep faeces collected from different environments and sheep types in South Australia (SA) and New South Wales, Australia and spiked with various sheep blood concentrations. Spectra were analysed using principal component analysis (PCA), and calibration models were built around the haemoglobin (Hb) wavelength region (387–609 nm) using partial least squares regression. Models were used to predict Hb concentrations in spiked faeces from SA and naturally infected sheep faeces from Queensland (QLD). Samples from QLD were quantified using Hemastix® test strip and FAMACHA© diagnostic test scores. Results Principal component analysis showed that location, class of sheep and pooled versus individual samples were factors affecting the Hb predictions. The models successfully differentiated ‘healthy’ SA samples from those requiring anthelmintic treatment with moderate to good prediction accuracy (sensitivity 57–94%, specificity 44–79%). The models were not predictive for blood in the naturally infected QLD samples, which may be due in part to variability of faecal background and blood chemistry between samples, or the difference in validation methods used for blood quantification. PCA of the QLD samples, however, identified a difference between samples containing high and low quantities of blood. Conclusion This study demonstrates the potential of Vis–NIR spectroscopy for estimating blood concentration in faeces from various types of sheep and environmental backgrounds. However, the calibration models developed here did not capture sufficient environmental variation to accurately predict Hb in faeces collected from environments different to those used in the calibration model. Consequently, it will be necessary to establish models that incorporate samples that are more representative of areas where H. contortus is endemic.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 81%

Influence of environmental factors on the detection of blood in sheep faeces using visible–near-infrared spectroscopy as a measure of Haemonchus contortus infection

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…All faecal samples collected in this study showed similar pro le and trends. Two distinct bands were observed around 576 nm and 670 nm, which were previously found to be associated with Hb and chlorophyll, respectively (41,49,50). Subsequently, for the prediction of Hb in sheep faeces in the present study, all analyses were carried out within the wavelength range of 387-609 nm to limit the effects of the 670 nm chlorophyll peak.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 83%

Influence of environmental factors on the detection of blood in sheep faeces using visible-near infrared spectroscopy as a measure of Haemonchus contortus infection

Kho

Fernandes

Kotze

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: Existing diagnostic methods for the parasitic gastrointestinal nematode, Haemonchus contortus, are time consuming and require specialised expertise, limiting their utility in the field. A practical, on-farm diagnostic tool could facilitate timely treatment decisions, preventing production and welfare loss in the flock. We previously demonstrated the ability of visible-near infrared (vis-NIR) spectroscopy to detect and quantify blood in sheep faeces with high accuracy. Here we investigate whether variation in sheep type and environment affect the prediction accuracy of vis-NIR spectroscopy in quantifying blood in faeces.Methods: Vis-NIR spectra were obtained from worm-free sheep faeces from different environments in South Australia (SA) and New South Wales (NSW), Australia and spiked with various sheep blood concentrations collected. Spectra were analysed using principal component analysis (PCA), and calibration models were built around the haemoglobin (Hb) wavelength region (387 – 609 nm) using partial least squares (PLS) regression. Models were used to predict Hb concentrations in spiked faeces from SA and naturally infected Queensland (QLD) faeces. Naturally occurring blood in QLD samples was quantified using Hemastix® and FAMACHA© scores.Results: PCA showed that location, class of sheep and pooled/individual samples were factors affecting the Hb predictions in sheep faeces. The calibration models successfully differentiated ‘healthy’ SA samples from those requiring anthelmintic treatment with moderate to good prediction accuracy (sensitivity: 57 – 94%, specificity: 44 – 79%). The models were not predictive for naturally infected QLD samples, which may be due in part to variability of faecal background and blood chemistry between samples, or the difference in validation methods used for blood quantification. PCA of QLD samples, however, identified a difference between samples containing high and low quantities of blood.Conclusion: This study demonstrates the potential of vis-NIR spectroscopy for estimating blood concentration in faeces from various types of sheep and environmental backgrounds. However, the calibration models developed here did not capture enough environmental variation to accurately predict Hb in faeces collected from environments different to those used in the calibration model. Consequently, it will be necessary to establish models that incorporate samples that are more representative of areas where H. contortus is endemic for the accurate prediction of H. contortus infections in these regions.

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“…All faecal samples collected in this study showed similar pro le and trends. Two distinct bands were observed around 576 nm and 670 nm, which were previously found to be associated with Hb and chlorophyll, respectively [42,51,52]. Subsequently, for the prediction of Hb in sheep faeces in the present study, all analyses were carried out within the wavelength range of 387 -609 nm to limit the effects of the 670 nm chlorophyll peak.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 83%

Influence of environmental factors on the detection of blood in sheep faeces using visible-near infrared spectroscopy as a measure of Haemonchus contortus infection

Kho

Fernandes

Kotze

et al. 2020

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Existing diagnostic methods for the parasitic gastrointestinal nematode, Haemonchus contortus, are time consuming and require specialised expertise, limiting their utility in the field. A practical, on-farm diagnostic tool could facilitate timely treatment decisions, preventing production and welfare loss in the flock. We previously demonstrated the ability of visible-near infrared (vis-NIR) spectroscopy to detect and quantify blood in sheep faeces with high accuracy. Here we investigate whether variation in sheep type and environment affect the prediction accuracy of vis-NIR spectroscopy in quantifying blood in faeces. Methods: Vis-NIR spectra were obtained from worm-free sheep faeces collected from different environments and sheep types in South Australia (SA) and New South Wales (NSW), Australia and spiked with various sheep blood concentrations. Spectra were analysed using principal component analysis (PCA), and calibration models were built around the haemoglobin (Hb) wavelength region (387 – 609 nm) using partial least squares (PLS) regression. Models were used to predict Hb concentrations in spiked faeces from SA and naturally infected sheep faeces from Queensland (QLD). QLD samples were quantified using Hemastix® and FAMACHA © scores. Results: PCA showed that location, class of sheep and pooled/individual samples were factors affecting the Hb predictions. The models successfully differentiated ‘healthy’ SA samples from those requiring anthelmintic treatment with moderate to good prediction accuracy (sensitivity: 57 – 94%, specificity: 44 – 79%). The models were not predictive for blood in naturally infected QLD samples, which may be due in part to variability of faecal background and blood chemistry between samples, or the difference in validation methods used for blood quantification. PCA of QLD samples, however, identified a difference between samples containing high and low quantities of blood. Conclusion: This study demonstrates the potential of vis-NIR spectroscopy for estimating blood concentration in faeces from various types of sheep and environmental backgrounds. However, the calibration models developed here did not capture enough environmental variation to accurately predict Hb in faeces collected from environments different to those used in the calibration model. Consequently, it will be necessary to establish models that incorporate samples that are more representative of areas where H. contortus is endemic.

show abstract

Detection of Fecal/Ingesta Contaminants on Poultry Processing Equipment Surfaces by Visible and Near-Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy

Cited by 16 publications

References 11 publications

Influence of environmental factors on the detection of blood in sheep faeces using visible–near-infrared spectroscopy as a measure of Haemonchus contortus infection

Influence of environmental factors on the detection of blood in sheep faeces using visible–near-infrared spectroscopy as a measure of Haemonchus contortus infection

Influence of environmental factors on the detection of blood in sheep faeces using visible-near infrared spectroscopy as a measure of Haemonchus contortus infection

Influence of environmental factors on the detection of blood in sheep faeces using visible-near infrared spectroscopy as a measure of Haemonchus contortus infection

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