Detection of grain yield QTLs in the durum population Lahn/Cham1 tested in contrasting environments

Cadmium (Cd) is a non-essential heavy metal having toxic effects on all living organisms. Durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.) is widely used in human diets but has the potential to accumulate Cd. It also has a high level of genetic diversity, which may be exploited to develop cultivars with low Cd content. We aimed to perform marker-assisted selection and validate previously identified Cd markers in durum wheat germplasm for use in the investigation of accessions that accumulate low grain Cd content. We assessed 130 durum wheat accessions phenotypically and using three different molecular markers. Grain Cd contents of the studied germplasm varied 4.91-fold (26.2–128.7 μg/kg) with an average of 58.2 μg/kg. Landraces showed lower average values of grain Cd content than cultivars. Three molecular markers (usw47, Cad-5B and KASP marker Cad-5B) were used to differentiate high and low Cd accumulating lines. Results showed high correlation and successfully classified the accessions to the expected high or low Cd level; 87 accessions showed the low Cd alleles, and 43 accessions the high Cd alleles, except for five accessions with the usw47 marker that showed heterozygous status. A significant correlation coefficient (r = 0.944*) was observed among the three molecular markers. Based on molecular markers, 96.2% of the accessions were classified accurately. The KASP assay was highly effective in successfully separating low from high Cd content accessions and could be used as a molecular tool in durum wheat breeding programs, with less cost and time, targeting reduced grain Cd levels. The results of this study will allow durum wheat breeders to accelerate their progress to select suitable genotypes with the desired alleles.

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High-throughput phenotyping using hyperspectral indicators supports the genetic dissection of yield in durum wheat grown under heat and drought stress

Mérida-García,

Gálvez,

Solís

et al. 2024

Front. Plant Sci.

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High-throughput phenotyping (HTP) provides new opportunities for efficiently dissecting the genetic basis of drought-adaptive traits, which is essential in current wheat breeding programs. The combined use of HTP and genome-wide association (GWAS) approaches has been useful in the assessment of complex traits such as yield, under field stress conditions including heat and drought. The aim of this study was to identify molecular markers associated with yield (YLD) in elite durum wheat that could be explained using hyperspectral indices (HSIs) under drought field conditions in Mediterranean environments in Southern Spain. The HSIs were obtained from hyperspectral imagery collected during the pre-anthesis and anthesis crop stages using an airborne platform. A panel of 536 durum wheat lines were genotyped by sequencing (GBS, DArTseq) to determine population structure, revealing a lack of genetic structure in the breeding germplasm. The material was phenotyped for YLD and 19 HSIs for six growing seasons under drought field conditions at two locations in Andalusia, in southern Spain. GWAS analysis identified 740 significant marker-trait associations (MTAs) across all the durum wheat chromosomes, several of which were common for YLD and the HSIs, and can potentially be integrated into breeding programs. Candidate gene (CG) analysis uncovered genes related to important plant processes such as photosynthesis, regulatory biological processes, and plant abiotic stress tolerance. These results are novel in that they combine high-resolution hyperspectral imaging at the field scale with GWAS analysis in wheat. They also support the use of HSIs as useful tools for identifying chromosomal regions related to the heat and drought stress response in wheat, and pave the way for the integration of field HTP in wheat breeding programs.

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Detection of grain yield QTLs in the durum population Lahn/Cham1 tested in contrasting environments

Cited by 3 publications

References 50 publications

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Marker-assisted selection and validation of DNA markers associated with cadmium content in durum wheat germplasm

High-throughput phenotyping using hyperspectral indicators supports the genetic dissection of yield in durum wheat grown under heat and drought stress

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