Detection of human cytomegalovirus DNA in various blood components after liver transplantation

Chen, X.Y.; Hou, Ping; Bi, Jianjun; Ying, Chenting

doi:10.1590/1414-431x20133353

Cited by 8 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…HCMV viremia is mostly cell associated [ 3 ]. HCMV DNA has been found in serum and plasma of infected transplant recipients, but these are highly fragmented genomes implying that they are not infectious virions [ 55 , 56 ]. In support of cell-associated viremia, depletion of leukocytes from blood products derived from seropositive donors prior to blood transfusion prevents HCMV transfer [ 57 , 58 ].…”

Section: Cell-mediated Disseminationmentioning

confidence: 99%

There Is Always Another Way! Cytomegalovirus’ Multifaceted Dissemination Schemes

Jackson

Sparer

2018

Viruses

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Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is a β-herpes virus that is a significant pathogen within immune compromised populations. HCMV morbidity is induced through viral dissemination and inflammation. Typically, viral dissemination is thought to follow Fenner’s hypothesis where virus replicates at the site of infection, followed by replication in the draining lymph nodes, and eventually replicating within blood filtering organs. Although CMVs somewhat follow Fenner’s hypothesis, they deviate from it by spreading primarily through innate immune cells as opposed to cell-free virus. Also, in vivo CMVs infect new cells via cell-to-cell spread and disseminate directly to secondary organs through novel mechanisms. We review the historic and recent literature pointing to CMV’s direct dissemination to secondary organs and the genes that it has evolved for increasing its ability to disseminate. We also highlight aspects of CMV infection for studying viral dissemination when using in vivo animal models.

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Section: Cell-mediated Disseminationmentioning

confidence: 99%

There Is Always Another Way! Cytomegalovirus’ Multifaceted Dissemination Schemes

Jackson

Sparer

2018

Viruses

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“…PCR testing on the 28 samples from patients in whom two or more reads of CMV were detected by rWGS was done on DNA extracted from whole blood samples rather than on plasma as is traditionally done when CMV viremia is suspected. However, the common practice of obtaining plasma CMV PCR in the clinical setting is not necessarily due to a limitation in detection of CMV from whole blood 24,25 . Additionally, given the negative qPCR results for the majority of patients with only 2 reads of CMV and the positive correlation between read count and higher Figure 1.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnosis of cytomegalovirus infection from clinical whole genome sequencing

Ramchandar

Ding

Farnaes

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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Rapid whole genome sequencing (rWGS) of peripheral blood has been used to detect microbial DnA in acute infections. cytomegalovirus (cMV) is a herpesvirus capable of causing severe disease in neonates and immunocompromised patients. We identified CMV in patients undergoing diagnostic rWGS by matching reads that did not align to the human reference genome to a database of microbial genomes. rWGS was conducted on peripheral blood obtained from ill pediatric patients (age 1 day to 18 years). Reads not aligning to the human genome were analyzed using an in-house pipeline to identify DNA consistent with CMV infection. Of 669 patients who received rWGS from July 2016 through July 2019, we identified 28 patients (4.2%) with reads that aligned to the CMV reference genome. Six of these patients had clinical findings consistent with symptomatic CMV infection. positive results were highly correlated (R 2 > 0.99, p < 0.001) to a CMV-qPCR assay conducted on DNA isolated from whole blood samples. in acutely ill children receiving rWGS for diagnosis of genetic disease, we propose analysis of patient genetic data to identify cMV, which could impact treatment of up to 4% of children in the intensive care unit. Rapid whole genome sequencing (rWGS) of peripheral blood can rapidly diagnose genetic diseases and impact clinical care within 24 h 1,2. A recent study showed a diagnosis rate of 43% in critically ill patients with a resultant change in management in 33% of patients 1. rWGS allows clinicians to make actionable diagnoses in critically ill patients who may have an underpinning genetic or metabolic disease and is increasingly becoming a part of standard care. The concept of applying rWGS to detect infectious pathogens has also been utilized 3-6. While plasma polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is often used for detection of infectious organisms, we theorized that an advantage of sequencing whole blood is that organisms that reside intracellularly within white blood cells are included in rWGS reads. Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is human herpesvirus 5 (HHV-5) and capable of causing disease in critically ill patients 7. It can be found both intracellularly and extracellularly in humans. CMV can cause hepatitis, marrow suppression (including thrombocytopenia), encephalitis, retinitis, and pneumonitis. In neonates, CMV may also manifest as growth restriction, microcephaly, neurologic defects (including sensorineural hearing loss), and intellectual disability. Prevalence of congenital CMV ranges from 0.2 to 2.0% of pregnancies. Although most infected infants will have only latent infection without any sequelae, up to 12%representing approximately 9,600 children per year in the United States-will experience neurological sequelae related to congenital CMV infection 8. Recent studies have demonstrated improved outcomes in neonates with congenitally acquired CMV infection if antiviral treatment is started within the first 30 days of life 9. Identifying CMV infection in critically ill children who are undergoing rWGS has the potential to significan...

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“…It was shown that DNA extracted from whole blood was more representative of Epstein-Barr virus burden in human circulation than was DNA extracted from serum or plasma (Stevens et al 2001). In humans, DNA extracted from leukocytes provided a larger number of PCR-positive results than that extracted from plasma for the detection of EpsteinBarr virus (Ito et al 2016) and cytomegalovirus (Deback et al 2007;Chen et al 2014). In 2 groups of humans, a larger number of samples tested positive for herpes virus-6 DNA by PCR using DNA extracted from blood mononuclear cells (66.7% and 41.46%) compared with DNA from serum (60.3% and 14.6%), but the amounts of DNA (copies/mL) were lower in blood cells (165 and 157) than in plasma (264 and 192) (Ramroodi et al 2013).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A fast and accurate method of detecting Aleutian mink disease virus in blood and tissues of chronically infected mink

Farid

Rupasinghe

2017

Can. J. Microbiol.

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this article has been changed to the CC BY 4.0 license. The PDF and HTML versions of the article have been modified accordingly. Abstract:The objective of this study was to assess the sensitivity of the Omni Klentaq-LA DNA polymerase for detecting Aleutian mink disease virus (AMDV) in mink blood and tissues by PCR without DNA extraction. The presence of AMDV DNA was directly tested by Klentaq in the plasma, serum, whole blood, and spleen homogenates of 188 mink 4 and 16 months after inoculation with the virus. Samples from bone marrow, small intestine, liver, lungs, kidneys, and lymph nodes of 20 of the same mink were also tested by Klentaq. DNA was extracted from paired samples of plasma and the aforesaid tissues by a commercial nucleic acid extraction kit (Dynabeads Silane) and tested by PCR. Compared with the extracted DNA, Klentaq detected a significantly greater number of samples in the whole blood, serum, plasma, spleen, and small intestine. It was concluded that Klentaq is a preferred system for directly detecting AMDV DNA in mink blood and tissues. The lower success rate of extracted DNA compared with Klentaq could be the result of DNA losses during the extraction process. This is an important factor in chronically infected mink, which have a low AMDV copy number in the bloodstream. Direct AMDV detection also reduces the cost of PCR amplification and lowers the risk of sample contamination.

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Detection of human cytomegalovirus DNA in various blood components after liver transplantation

Cited by 8 publications

References 16 publications

There Is Always Another Way! Cytomegalovirus’ Multifaceted Dissemination Schemes

There Is Always Another Way! Cytomegalovirus’ Multifaceted Dissemination Schemes

Diagnosis of cytomegalovirus infection from clinical whole genome sequencing

A fast and accurate method of detecting Aleutian mink disease virus in blood and tissues of chronically infected mink

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