Detection of hydroxyethylstarch (HES) in human urine by liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry

Rapid screening of polysaccharide‐based plasma volume expanders dextran and hydroxyethyl starch in human urine by liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry

“…As native urine samples were injected into the LC-MS/MS system, the robustness of the assay regarding column lifetime and system contamination was demonstrated with the analyses of approximately 500 samples without complications. For obligatory confirmation of suspicious screening results established methods are available that enable the unambiguous identification of HES and dextran (Deventer et al, 2006;Thevis et al, 2000b;Guddat et al 2005).…”

“…An aliquot of 90 μL of urine was transferred to a HPLC vial and 10 μg of the internal standard (IS) β-cyclodextrin (10 μL of a 1 mg/mL aqueous solution, 2006;Gutierrez-Gallego and Segura, 2004). However, the increasing quantity of samples and substances tested in doping control requires faster screening procedures, combining higher sample throughput with simplified sample preparation, reliability and robustness.…”

“…Besides colorimetric approaches (Avois et al, 2004;Gutierrez-Gallego et al, 2005), commonly used methods are based on gas chromatography-, liquid chromatography-(APCI)-or MALDI-TOF-mass spectrometry, providing good specificity and sensitivity on the one hand, but more or less laborious methods on the other, because of the common hydrolysis of the polymers and necessary sample preparation steps (Thevis et al, 2000a;Deventer et al, …”

Microwave irradiation for a fast gas chromatography–mass spectrometric analysis of polysaccharide-based plasma volume expanders in human urine

“…90% of the dose is eliminated through the kidneys with an half-life of about 17 days [4]. Analytical procedures usually applied to the determination of HES in human urine are gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) [5] and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) [6][7][8]. These methods require time-consuming pretreatment steps, with an acid hydrolysis (30-60 min) to generate the 2,3 and 6-hydroxyethylglucose (fragments, used and accepted as proof of HES administration, with ␣ and ␤ isomers due to the anomeric centre at C1.…”

A method for detection and quantification of hydroxyethyl starch in plasma

“…No simple methods are available for monitoring HES plasma levels; present technologies to measure HES are based on gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, which are time-consuming and need advanced equipment [3]. Here, we applied Lugol's iodine solution (LUGOL; Sigma-Aldrich, Steinheim, Germany) to determinate HES concentrations in plasma and compare the results with those obtained by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).…”