Detection of immunoreactive endothelin in plasma of hemodialysis patients

Totsune, Kazuhito; Mouri, Toraichi; Takahashi, Kazuhiro; Ohneda, Minoru; Sone, Masahiko; Saito, Takao; Yoshinaga, Kaoru

doi:10.1016/0014-5793(89)80631-3

Cited by 54 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…For example, endotoxemia in the rat results in cardiodepression, tachycardia, hemoconcentration, and thrombocytopenia and leukopenia [21 -23]. It has been suggested that ET-1 may have a role in precipitating acute renal failure [13,39] since it is a potent renal vasoconstrictor, and elevated levels have been reported in kid ney transplant patients and those on hemodi alysis [40,41], Miller et al [2] reported that in anesthetized dogs, ET-1 infusion reduced GFR, renal blood flow, and the fractional sodium excretion. In the present studies, LPS resulted in an antinatriuretic effect which oc curred concurrently with the increase in renal ET receptors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Endotoxin-Mediated Changes in Plasma Endothelin Concentrations, Renal Endothelin Receptor and Renal Function

Nambi¹,

Pullen²,

Slivjak³

et al. 1994

Pharmacology

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The purpose of these studies was to examine the changes in renal endothelin (ET) receptor, renal function and plasma ET (ET-1) concentration in male Sprague-Dawley rats injected with nonlethal doses of Escherichia coli endotoxin (LPS). Prior to the injection of LPS, kidney ET receptor density was 59 ± 5 fmol/mg protein (n = 20). At 24 h after the injection of 1 or 3 mg/kg LPS, [¹²⁵I]ET-1 binding to kidney membranes was increased by 70% in both LPS groups (p < 0.001). Scatchard analysis of the saturation binding experiments confirmed that the increase in [¹²⁵I]ET-1 binding was due to an increase in receptor density with no change in affinity (202 pmol/l at baseline and 168 pmol/l and 246 pmol/l at 24 h after the injection of 1 and 3 mg/kg LPS, respectively). At 7 days after the injection of LPS, kidney ET-1 receptor density was still increased by 30 ± 5% and 58 ± 16%, respectively (p < 0.05, compared to the baseline value). Baseline values for Na⁺ and K⁺ excretion were approximately 115 µEq/h and 214 ± µEq/h respectively, and were decreased with LPS. Maximal decreases in Na⁺ and K⁺ excretion occurred at 48 h (-85%) and 30 h (–82%), respectively, following the injection of 3 mg/kg LPS and returned to baseline levels in 7 days. Following the injection of 3 mg/kg LPS, plasma immunoreactive ET-1, as measured by radioimmunoassay, increased in a time-dependent manner: the maximal increase of 60% occurred within 1 h after the injection of LPS (p < 0.05), and thereafter returned to baseline levels. Kidney tissue levels of ET-1 increased from baseline values of 2.6 fmol/mg protein to a peak of 4.6 fmol/mg protein 1 h after the injection of LPS. Tissue ET-1 levels were still significantly elevated at 6 h but not 24 h after LPS injection. These studies suggest that ET-1, either by increases in plasma concentration and/or altered receptor density, may be involved in the LPS-induced impairment of renal function.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Endotoxin-Mediated Changes in Plasma Endothelin Concentrations, Renal Endothelin Receptor and Renal Function

Nambi¹,

Pullen²,

Slivjak³

et al. 1994

Pharmacology

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“…The serum levels of total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, triglyceride and glucose were measured. In addition, the plasma levels of endothelin-1 and asymmetric dimethyl arginine (ADMA) were simultaneously measured by the previously described methods 7,8 including radioimmunoassay and highperformance liquid chromatography, respectively. …”

Section: Biochemical Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Flow-mediated dilation in brachial artery in the second half of pregnancy and prediction of pre-eclampsia

et al. 2003

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Endothelial injury and increased vascular reactivity are involved in the pathogenesis of pre-eclampsia (pregnancy-induced hypertension). To investigate whether flow-mediated dilation (endothelium-dependent dilation) and the reactive hyperemic response can predict preeclampsia, we prospectively measured flow-mediated dilation and the Doppler flow velocity pattern (V, cm/s) in the brachial artery using high-resolution ultrasound in 43 pregnant women (32 7 5 years old) in the second half of their pregnancy, and compared the findings with traditional risk factors. Regarding the Doppler flow velocity pattern, the pulsatility index (PI) ¼ (systolic VÀdiastolic V)/mean V and resistance index (RI) ¼ (systolic VÀdiastolic V)/systolic V were calculated. For the flow-mediated dilation, the per cent diameter changes were determined based on those from baseline to hyperemic conditions. Nine women suffered from preeclampsia and 34 women remained normotensive. Only flow-mediated dilation was found to be significantly lower in the subsequently developed pre-eclampsia patients (1.6 7 1.0% in subsequently developed preeclampsia patients vs 11.0 7 4.5% in normotensive patients, Po0.05). Neither the other traditional factors nor the Doppler flow velocity pattern were significantly different between the subsequently developed preeclampsia and normotensive patients. If a normal cutoff value of 3.0% obtained from age-matched 14 nonpregnant women (32 7 7 years old) in our laboratory was used, the positive predictive value of flow-mediated dilation (o3.0%) for subsequent pre-eclampsia is 90% and the negative predictive value is 100%. In conclusion, flow-mediated dilation in brachial artery can be a simple and noninvasive modality to predict pre-eclampsia.

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“…The precise role of the endothelin (ET) peptides in human renal vascular disease remains to be elucidated, but elevated plasma ET levels have been reported in conditions of acute renal failure (Tomita et al, 1989), chronic renal failure (Stockenhuber et al, 1992), cyclosporine-induced nephrotoxicity (DeRay et al, 1991) and following haemodialysis of uraemic patients (Koyama et al, 1989;Totsune et al, 1989;Suzuki et al, 1990). Cyclosporine treatment in rats is also associated with an increase in the density of renal endothelin binding sites (Nambi et al, 1990).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vasoconstrictor endothelin receptors characterized in human renal artery and vein in vitro

Maguire

Kuc

O’Reilly

et al. 1994

British J Pharmacology

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Detection of immunoreactive endothelin in plasma of hemodialysis patients

Cited by 54 publications

References 4 publications

Endotoxin-Mediated Changes in Plasma Endothelin Concentrations, Renal Endothelin Receptor and Renal Function

Endotoxin-Mediated Changes in Plasma Endothelin Concentrations, Renal Endothelin Receptor and Renal Function

Flow-mediated dilation in brachial artery in the second half of pregnancy and prediction of pre-eclampsia

Vasoconstrictor endothelin receptors characterized in human renal artery and vein in vitro

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