Detection of inducible clindamycin resistance and susceptibilities to other antimicrobial agents in clinical isolates of Staphylococcus aureus

Toleti, Sunita; Bobbillapati, Janaki Ram; Kollipaka, Sree Ramarao; Myneni, Ramesh Babu

doi:10.5455/2320-6012.ijrms20150315

Cited by 3 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…This was in line with the study from Brazil, 20.7% [ 39 ] and 21.4% in Libya [ 40 ], but it is slightly higher than in Tanzania (16.3%) [ 41 ] and 17.6% in Gondar, Ethiopia [ 36 ]. In comparison with some other studies, the proportion of MRSA in this study was much lower than reported in Iran (44.4%), India (53.5%), and Nepal (53.6%) [ 19 , 42 , 43 ]. Such a variation might be due to differences in sample types, availability of drugs in the study areas, study participants involved, infection prevention practice, and unreasonable drug prescription.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 90%

“…In this study, 78.78% [ 44 ] of S. aureus isolates were MSSA, which is equivalent to the study result that was conducted in Brazil, 79.3% [ 39 ]. The proportion of MSSA was much higher than some of the studies conducted in Senegal (44.58%), India (35.3%) and (46.6%), Turkey (48.5%), and Iran (56%) [ 19 , 42 , 43 , 45 , 46 ]. The reason for such a difference in the distribution of MSSA in this study and other studies might be due to the variation in study participants, infection prevention practice, and irrational drug prescription culture.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 57%

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Prevalence and Clindamycin Resistance Profile of Staphylococcus aureus and Associated Factors among Patients Attending the University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Gondar, Northwest Ethiopia

Ambachew

Gebrecherkos

Ayalew

2022

Interdisciplinary Perspectives on Infectious Diseases

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Clindamycin can serve as an alternative treatment for staphylococcal infections. Routine susceptibility tests may fail to determine inducible type clindamycin resistance and can be a source of failure in clinical therapeutics. Therefore, this study aimed to determine Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) prevalence, inducible clindamycin resistance pattern, and associated factors among patients attending the University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Gondar, northwest Ethiopia. Methods. A cross-sectional study was conducted from January to April 2018. Clinical samples were inoculated on appropriate culture media. Standard bacteriological tests, including Gram stain, catalase, and coagulase tests, identified the presence of S. aureus. The antimicrobial susceptibility tests and the D-test were performed by using the Kirby–Bauer disk diffusion technique on the Mueller–Hinton agar. The D-test was performed using clindamycin (CLI) 2 ug and erythromycin (ERY) 15 ug disks located approximately 15 mm apart, and the cefoxitin susceptibility test was used to characterize methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA). The association between S. aureus infection and different variables was assessed using bivariate and multivariate analysis. A P value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Result. Of 388 study participants, the overall prevalence of S. aureus was 17% (66/388). Of these, the inducible type of clindamycin resistance was 25.8% (17/66) and 21.2% (14/66) were MRSA. All isolates were susceptible to chloramphenicol and resistant to tetracycline. A family size of 4–6 (AOR = 2.627, 95% CI (1.030–6.702)) and >7 (AOR = 3.892, 95% CI (1.169–12.959)), inpatient study participants (AOR = 3.198, 95% CI (1.197–8.070)), illness in the previous 4 weeks (AOR = 2.116, 95% CI (1.080–4.145)), and a history of chronic disease (AOR = 0.265, 95% CI (0.094–0.750)) were likely to have S. aureus infection. Conclusion. This study shows a considerable high magnitude of MRSA and inducible clindamycin resistance S. aureus isolates. To rule out clindamycin susceptibility testing, the D-test should be routinely performed.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 90%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 57%

Prevalence and Clindamycin Resistance Profile of Staphylococcus aureus and Associated Factors among Patients Attending the University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Gondar, Northwest Ethiopia

Ambachew

Gebrecherkos

Ayalew

2022

Interdisciplinary Perspectives on Infectious Diseases

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“…The incidence of iMLS B in our study was 17.82% which was comparable with Toleti et al 14 (18%), Lall et al 9 (20.3%), and Adaleti et al 15 (22%). Bingo et al 16 had reported an incidence of iMLS B to be 28.5% which is higher than in our study.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…Bingo et al 16 had reported an incidence of iMLS B to be 28.5% which is higher than in our study. Prabhu K et al 17 According to Toleti et al 14 , the prevalence of iMLS B phenotype was 22.72% in MRSA isolates and 11.11% in MSSA isolates, and Bingo S et al 16 found that iMLS B phenotypes in MRSA were 91.9%. In MSSA, it was 8.1%, and according to Lall M et al 9 MRSA isolates showing iMLS B phenotype are 37.1%, and MSSA was 6%.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phenotypic characterization of Macrolide-Lincosamide-Streptogramin B resistance in Staphylococcus aureus

Modukuru¹,

Surya²,

Kakumanu³

et al. 2021

J Pure Appl Microbiol

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Staphylococcus aureus (S.aureus) is a prevalent organism causing infections in the community and hospital. A variety of antibiotics are used, including the Macrolide-Lincosamide-StreptograminB (MLSB) family of antibiotics in which clindamycin is the preferred agent. Widespread use of these antibiotics leads to resistance to these MLSB antibiotics; a D-test can characterize the different MLSB phenotypes. This study was taken up with an objective to perform a double disc diffusion test for detecting different phenotypes in S.aureus with particular reference to inducible clindamycin resistance. Out of a total of 174(100%) strains of S.aureus, 98(56.32%) were MRSA, and 76(43.68%) were MSSA. All isolates were tested by D-test. A total of 47(27.01%) were of cMLSB phenotype, 31(17.82%) were of iMLSB phenotype, and 96(55.17%) were of MS phenotype. The majority of MRSA strains were cMLSB phenotype(76.60%) and iMLSB phenotype (64.52%) in comparison to MSSA isolates. Although iMLSB phenotypes are present in both MRSA and MSSA, iMLSB was more in MRSA isolates. Appropriate susceptibility data is essential for a clinician to start clindamycin therapy to prevent therapeutic failures with inducible MLSB resistance in S.aureus isolates. It will be appropriate for all the clinical laboratories to report inducible Clindamycin resistance in S.aureus strains (both MRSA and MSSA), for which D-test is a reliable testing method.

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“…8 Various previous studies showed the high prevalence in their studies, Toleti et al have reported a prevalence rate of 64.70%, and much closer rate 77.5% reported by Jarajreh et al in their study conducted in Saudi Arabia. While 92% higher rate reported by Rameshwari et al [9][10][11] In the present study, erythromycin resistance was seen in 64.5% isolates. Among the erythromycin-resistant S. aureus, iMLSB resistance was observed in 20.8% isolates and cMLSB in 35% and MS phenotype in 44.2%.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 53%

Inducible and constitutive clindamycin resistance in Staphylococcus aureus, isolated from clinical samples

Tiwari¹,

Rani²,

Kumar³

2020

IJMMTD

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Background:The resistance to antimicrobial agents among Staphylococci is an increasing problem. Clinical laboratories should perform D test routinely to guide the clinicians about the inducible clindamycin resistance and to prevent misuse of antibiotics. Aims: Study aimed to isolates the Inducible and Constitutive clindamycin Resistance in Staphylococcus aureus in various clinical samples. Materials and Methods: We analyzed the performance of disk diffusion method in 183 Staphylococci aureus strains obtained from various clinical samples of the patients collected from September 2018 to February 2020 at a tertiary care centre, Meerut. Result: Inducible clindamycin resistance was tested by 'D test' as per CLSI guidelines. 142(77.6%) of S. aureus isolates were found to be methicillin resistant (MRSA) and 41 (22.4%) tested sensitive to cefoxitin i.e., methicillin sensitive S. aureus (MSSA). Conclusion: Inducible resistance and constitutive resistance were found to be higher in MRSA as compared to MSSA). The D test method showed to be simple and easy in the detection of inducible (iMLS B ) and constitutive clindamycin resistance (cMLS B ).

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Detection of inducible clindamycin resistance and susceptibilities to other antimicrobial agents in clinical isolates of Staphylococcus aureus

Cited by 3 publications

References 7 publications

Prevalence and Clindamycin Resistance Profile of Staphylococcus aureus and Associated Factors among Patients Attending the University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Gondar, Northwest Ethiopia

Prevalence and Clindamycin Resistance Profile of Staphylococcus aureus and Associated Factors among Patients Attending the University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Gondar, Northwest Ethiopia

Phenotypic characterization of Macrolide-Lincosamide-Streptogramin B resistance in Staphylococcus aureus

Inducible and constitutive clindamycin resistance in Staphylococcus aureus, isolated from clinical samples

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