Detection of interspecies hybridisation in Chondrichthyes: hybrids and hybrid offspring between Australian (Carcharhinus tilstoni) and common (C. limbatus) blacktip shark found in an Australian fishery

Morgan, Jess A. T.; Harry, Alastair V.; Welch, David J.; Street, Raewyn; White, Jimmy; Geraghty, Pascal T.; Macbeth, William G.; Tobin, Andrew J.; Simpfendorfer, Colin A.; Ovenden, Jennifer R.

doi:10.1007/s10592-011-0298-6

Cited by 64 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Hybridization studies can contribute toward our understanding of historical processes involved in speciation events; however, they can also confound population genetic analyses (and therefore potentially also fisheries or management assessments) if hybrids prove problematic to separate (e.g., Addison and Hart 2005). For example coral trout, Plectropomus leopardus, is the primary commercial fishery on the Great Barrier Reef, where it has hybridized historically with a closely related congener, Plectropomus maculatus, and mtDNA does not differentiate them, although mtDNA distinguishes them elsewhere in their range , also see Morgan et al 2012).…”

Section: Species Identificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Human or ecological disturbance may also increase the rate of hybridization in fishes (van Herwerden et al 2002, Mullen et al 2012, although whether this also holds for invertebrate species in the Indo-Pacific region remains a large research gap (but see Uthicke et al 2005). Further, whether rates of hybridization in marine species will increase with global change scenarios remains to be tested, but this has been suggested for at least one pair of hybridizing shark species (Morgan et al 2012). …”

Section: Species Identificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The application of genetics to marine management and conservation: examples from the Indo-Pacific

Heyden¹,

Beger²,

Toonen³

et al. 2014

BMS

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ABSTRACT.-Molecular tools and analyses have played pivotal roles in uncovering the processes and patterns of biodiversity in the Indian and Pacific oceans. However, integrating genetic results into management and conservation objectives has been challenging, with few examples that show practical applicability. This review aims to address some of the perceived barriers to an enhanced approach that integrates molecular data into management and conservation goals, by reviewing papers relevant to both conservation and fisheries management in the Indo-Pacific region, particularly with respect to phylogeography, connectivity, and species identification, as well as stock delineation, restoration of depleted wild stocks, mislabeled marine resources and "molecular forensics." We also highlight case studies from each of these areas that illustrate how molecular analyses are relevant to conservation and management in the IndoPacific, spanning a variety of vertebrate and invertebrate species. We discuss the application of genetic data to the design and evaluation of the effectiveness of marine protected area networks, stock delineation, and restoration and the usage of exclusion tests and parentage analyses for fisheries management. We conclude that there is a distinct need for increasing public awareness and ownership of genetically unique lineages and, ultimately, the increased inclusion of genetic research into management policy and conservation. Finally, we make a case for the importance of clear and effective communication for promoting public awareness, public ownership, and for achieving conservation goals within the region.

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Section: Species Identificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Species Identificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The application of genetics to marine management and conservation: examples from the Indo-Pacific

Heyden¹,

Beger²,

Toonen³

et al. 2014

BMS

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“…However, another explanation for this situation is that one or more specimens used for these databased reference sequences were misidentified, or represent hybrids (hybrids have been recognized in Requiem Sharks; Morgan et al, 2012). Unfortunately, in the case of BOLD, some of the relevant reference sequences are "private," with no corresponding voucher or metadata are publicly available at this time.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…ND2, Control Region) to increase accuracy in species identification. For example, the co1 marker has been found to be of limited use for some closely-related species, particularly those within species complexes (Morgan et al, 2012;Spaet et al, 2015), and the 6 e170097 [6] incorporation of other markers with different gene histories can help identify closely-related taxa.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

DNA barcoding reveals the diversity of sharks in Guyana coastal markets

et al. 2017

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A fundamental challenge for both sustainable fisheries and biodiversity protection in the Neotropics is the accurate determination of species identity. The biodiversity of the coastal sharks of Guyana is poorly understood, but these species are subject to both artisanal fishing as well as harvesting by industrialized offshore fleets. To determine what species of sharks are frequently caught and consumed along the coastline of Guyana, we used DNA barcoding to identify market specimens. We sequenced the mitochondrial co1 gene for 132 samples collected from six markets, and compared our sequences to those available in the Barcode of Life Database (BOLD) and GenBank. Nearly 30% of the total sample diversity was represented by two species of Hammerhead Sharks (Sphyrna mokarran and S. lewini), both listed as Endangered by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). Other significant portions of the samples included Sharpnose Sharks (23% -Rhizoprionodon spp.), considered Vulnerable in Brazilian waters due to unregulated gillnet fisheries, and the Smalltail Shark (17% -Carcharhinus porosus). We found that barcoding provides efficient and accurate identification of market specimens in Guyana, making this study the first in over thirty years to address Guyana's coastal shark biodiversity.Keywords: BOLD, Carcharhinidae, Elasmobranch, Guianas, Sphyrnidae.Um desafio fundamental para a pesca sustentável e a proteção da biodiversidade nos neotrópicos é a identificação precisa das espécies. A biodiversidade dos tubarões costeiros da Guiana é pouco compreendida, porém essas espécies estão sujeitas tanto à pesca artesanal quanto à pesca industrializada não costeira. Para determinar quais espécies de tubarões são frequentemente capturadas e consumidas ao longo do litoral da Guiana, utilizamos DNA barcoding para identificar espécimes comumente encontrados e adquiridos em mercados. Nós sequenciamos o gene mitocondrial coI para 132 espécimes adquiridos de seis mercados e comparamos estas sequências com as disponíveis no Barcode of Life Database (BOLD) e GenBank. Quase 30% da diversidade total amostrada foi constituída por duas espécies de tubarões martelo (Sphyrna mokarran e S. lewini), ambas listadas como espécies ameaçadas pela UICN. Outras porções significativas da amostragem incluem Cações-Frango (23% -Rhizoprionodon spp.), considerados vulneráveis em águas brasileiras, devido a pesca de arrasto não regulamentada, e o Cação-azeiteiro (17% -Carcharhinus porosus). Descobrimos que o barcoding é uma forma identificação eficiente e precisa para espécimes de mercado na Guiana, tornando este estudo o pioneiro na documentação da biodiversidade dos tubarões costeiros da Guiana.

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“…O fenômeno da hibridização é frequente e tem atraído a atenção de inúmeros pesquisadores e naturalistas que ao longo do tempo registraram sua ocorrência em diversos grupos de vertebrados como tubarões, répteis e mamíferos (Wilson, 1974;Van Gelder, 1977;Morgan et al, 2011;Garrick et al, 2012). Os indivíduos híbri-dos não são necessariamente inférteis, como se acreditava anteriormente.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Hybridization phenomenon in cetacean and pinniped species

Schaurich

Lopes

Oliveira

2012

Neotropical Biology and Conservation

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ResumoO hibridismo é resultado do cruzamento entre indivíduos com conjuntos gênicos diferentes e isolados considerados como espécies que geram prole, frequentemente, infértil. As consequências evolutivas desse fenômeno dependem da aptidão, frequência de ocorrência do híbrido, mecanismos de isolamento reprodutivo e processos de especiação que envolvem as espécies parentais. Nos mamíferos, híbridos têm sido registrados em espécies aquáticas e terrestres, ocorrendo frequentemente em cativeiro e na natureza. Nesse sentido, esta revisão bibliográfica teve como objetivo verificar os casos de híbridos ocorridos em cetáceos e pinípedes publicados na literatura científica entre 1940 e 2010. Ao todo, foram encontrados 1.201 híbridos formalmente reportados em 37 publicações. Para os cetáceos, foram registrados 57 híbridos (natureza = 27; cativeiro = 30) e para os pinípedes, 1.144 híbridos (natureza = 1.137; cativeiro = 7). Uma possível explicação para esse fenômeno em vida livre seria a proximidade filogenética e a potencial falta de parceiros reprodutivos nas espécies que tiveram suas populações reduzidas devido à caça comercial ocorrida no passado. Esse fato é válido para os pinípedes, mas especialmente verdadeiro para a baleia-azul, Balaenoptera musculus. No caso dos pinípedes, também é importante ressaltar que cerca de 99% dos híbridos ocorreram nas ilhas subantárticas e em colônias reprodutivas simpátricas, o que facilitaria a hibridização. Como resultado deste fenômeno pode-se mencionar a potencial depressão por exocruzamento, fato que pode levar à perda de variabilidade genética, diminuição do potencial evolutivo e aumento no risco de extinção.Palavras-chave: mamíferos aquáticos, Cetartiodactyla, Carnivora, híbridos, depressão por exocruzamento, ameaça à conservação. AbstractThe hybridism is the result of mating between two individuals from different and reproductively isolated gene pools accepted as species that usually generate infertile offspring. The evolutionary consequences of this phenomenon vary depending on the mating system, hybrid's frequency, the degree of reproductive isolation and the genetic differences between the parental species as well as their speciation process. Hybrids have been recorded frequently in aquatic and terrestrial mammals, both in nature and captivity. We review studies published in peer-reviewed journals between 1940 and 2010, in which hybrid cases were reported for cetaceans and pinnipeds. We found 37 scientific papers recording 1,201 hybrids: 57 in cetaceans (nature = 27; captivity = 30) and 1,144 in pinnipeds (nature = 1,137; captivity = 7). A possible explanation for this phenomenon in the wild could be the close phylogenetic relatedness between parental species and also the potential absence of conspecific breeding partners. This last factor could be a result of population decline due to commercial exploitation occurred in the past. This fact is valid for pinnipeds, but especially true for blue whales, Balaenoptera musculus. It is important to note that about Van Gelder, 1977;...

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Detection of interspecies hybridisation in Chondrichthyes: hybrids and hybrid offspring between Australian (Carcharhinus tilstoni) and common (C. limbatus) blacktip shark found in an Australian fishery

Cited by 64 publications

References 25 publications

The application of genetics to marine management and conservation: examples from the Indo-Pacific

The application of genetics to marine management and conservation: examples from the Indo-Pacific

DNA barcoding reveals the diversity of sharks in Guyana coastal markets

Hybridization phenomenon in cetacean and pinniped species

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