Detection of intracellular bacteria in exfoliated urothelial cells from women with urge incontinence

Cheng, Ying; Chen, Zhouran; Gawthorne, Jayde A.; Mukerjee, Chinmoy; Varettas, Kerry; Mansfield, Kylie J; Schembri, Mark A.; Moore, Kate H.

doi:10.1093/femspd/ftw067

Cited by 30 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 34 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…IBCs and other intracellular bacteria have been hypothesized to be the key populations contributing to UPEC persistence and UTI recurrence in humans, based on data from extensive studies in mouse infection models (13,16,(26)(27)(28)53) and a growing number of morphological studies in humans (33)(34)(35)(36). Substantial effort has been expended on investigating the mechanism by which UPEC establishes, maintains, and emerges from these reservoirs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Structures that are morphologically indistinguishable from IBCs generated in experimental mouse infections have been observed in the urine sediment of acutely infected humans, based on extensive histological, microscopic, and ultrastructural characterization, in addition to the recapitulation of IBC formation by the human-infecting strain in an experimental murine UTI model (33). Several additional studies of intracellular bacteria in both pediatric and adult UTI patients have been reported (34)(35)(36). Other studies of same-strain versus different-strain recurrence of UTI in humans have shown that some patients suffer from multiple recurrences caused by indistinguishable strains (for example, see references [37][38][39][40], consistent with IBCs being a contributor to recurrent UTI (41).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Purification of Intracellular Bacterial Communities during Experimental Urinary Tract Infection Reveals an Abundant and Viable Bacterial Reservoir

et al. 2018

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are a major infection of humans, particularly affecting women. Recurrent UTIs can cause significant discomfort and expose patients to high levels of antibiotic use, which in turn contributes to the development of higher antibiotic resistance rates. Most UTIs are caused by uropathogenic , which is able to form intracellular collections (termed intracellular bacterial communities [IBCs]) within the epithelial cells lining the bladder lumen. IBCs are seen in both infected mice and humans and are a potential cause of recurrent UTI. Genetic and molecular studies of IBCs have been hampered both by the low number of bacteria in IBCs relative to the number extracellular bacteria and by population bottlenecks that occur during IBC formation. We now report the development of a simple and rapid technique for isolating pure IBCs from experimentally infected mice. We verified the specificity and purity of the isolated IBCs via microscopy, gene expression, and culture-based methods. Our results further demonstrated that our isolation technique practically enables specific molecular studies of IBCs. In the first such direct measurement, we determined that a single epithelial cell containing an early IBC typically contains 10 viable bacteria. Our isolation technique complements recent progress in low-input, single-cell genomics to enable future genomic studies of the formation of IBCs and their activation pathways during recurrent UTI, which may lead to novel strategies to eliminate them from the bladder.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Purification of Intracellular Bacterial Communities during Experimental Urinary Tract Infection Reveals an Abundant and Viable Bacterial Reservoir

et al. 2018

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Urine of heavily infected subjects are rich in exfoliated BECs indicating that exfoliation of BECs is a frequently employed host defense mechanism (21, 22). This capacity of infected BECs to trigger cell death is a double-edged sword as it allows for elimination of large congregates of bacteria associated with BECs but also exposes underlying cells to both toxic urine as well as any bacteria still present in the urine (23).…”

Section: Cellular Components Of the Innate Immune Response To Infectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Innate Immune Responses to Bladder Infection

Hayes¹,

Abraham

2016

Microbiol Spectr

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are one of the most frequent bacterial infections of mankind. In spite of its frequency, the study of the immune system in the urinary tract has not attracted much attention. This could, in part, be attributable to the widespread use of antibiotics and similar antimicrobial agents which for many decades has been both highly effective and relatively inexpensive to administer. In light of the emergence of multidrug resistant bacteria among UTI isolates, interest in understanding the immune system in the urinary tract (UT) has grown. Several recent studies have revealed the existence of a powerful and highly coordinated innate immune system in the UT designed to rapidly clear infecting pathogens; however, it also evokes harmful side effects.

show abstract

“…Microscopic examination of bladder biopsies revealed the presence of intracellular bacteria in 8 out of 16 patients who had LUTS in the absence of bacteriuria (38). More recent studies have confirmed and extended these findings, showing that intracellular bacteria are especially common in LUTS patients with idiopathic overactive bladder (39–42). The apparent involvement of intracellular uropathogens in the etiology of LUTS for a large subset of patients is intriguing, and suggests that the optimized use of host membrane-permeable antibiotics or other therapeutics that target invasive bacteria may be valuable treatment alternatives for these individuals.…”

Section: Intracellular Uropathogens In the Human Hostmentioning

confidence: 70%

Invasion of Host Cells and Tissues by Uropathogenic Bacteria

2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Within the mammalian urinary tract uropathogenic bacteria face many challenges, including the shearing flow of urine, numerous antibacterial molecules, the bactericidal effects of phagocytes, and a scarcity of nutrients. These problems may be circumvented in part by the ability of uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) and several other uropathogens to invade the epithelial cells that line the urinary tract. By entering host cells, uropathogens can gain access to additional nutrients and protection from both host defenses and antibiotic treatments. Translocation through host cells can facilitate bacterial dissemination within the urinary tract, while the establishment of stable intracellular bacterial populations may create reservoirs for relapsing and chronic urinary tract infections (UTIs). Here we review the mechanisms and consequences of host cell invasion by uropathogenic bacteria, with consideration of the defenses that are brought to bear against facultative intracellular pathogens within the urinary tract. The relevance of host cell invasion to the pathogenesis of UTIs in human patients is also assessed, along with some of the emerging treatment options that build upon our growing understanding of the infectious life cycle of UPEC and other uropathogenic bacteria.

show abstract

Detection of intracellular bacteria in exfoliated urothelial cells from women with urge incontinence

Cited by 30 publications

References 34 publications

Purification of Intracellular Bacterial Communities during Experimental Urinary Tract Infection Reveals an Abundant and Viable Bacterial Reservoir

Purification of Intracellular Bacterial Communities during Experimental Urinary Tract Infection Reveals an Abundant and Viable Bacterial Reservoir

Innate Immune Responses to Bladder Infection

Invasion of Host Cells and Tissues by Uropathogenic Bacteria

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About