Detection of Japanese encephalitis virus antigen in desiccated mosquitoes: an improved surveillance system

Tewari, S. C.; Thenmozhi, V.; Rajendran, R.; Appavoo, N. C.; Gajanana, A.

doi:10.1016/s0035-9203(99)90365-6

Cited by 10 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…(1988) reported higher EIA reactivities of SLEV‐infected desiccated mosquitoes than those of frozen specimens. Tewari et al. (1999) observed that JEV‐infected mosquitoes dried and stored at RT gave a higher positivity rate (95.2%) and mean OD values (0.49) than those stored at −80 °C (90.5%; 0.37).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…aegypti from our laboratory colony were fed orally with 10 −1 dilution of individual serotypes [DEN1 (P23086), DEN2 (TR1751), DEN3 (633798), DEN4 (611319), supplied by the National Institute of Virology, Pune, India] as described previously for JEV (Philip Samuel et al. 1998; Tewari et al. 1999).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Peiris et al. (1992) and Tewari et al. (1999) showed that Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) antigens also could be detected in dead and dried mosquitoes by EIA.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Short Communication: Detection of dengue virus antigens in desiccated mosquitoes: an improved tool for surveillance

Thenmozhi

Kabilan

Samuel

et al. 2005

Tropical Med Int Health

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SummaryWe developed a surveillance tool to monitor dengue virus (DENV) infection in vector mosquitoes using a dengue antigen-capture enzyme immunoassay (EIA) on desiccated specimens stored at room temperature (RT). We tested the effect of storage on the stability of DEN1, DEN2, DEN3 and DEN4 antigens. Although desiccated infected Aedes aegypti mosquitoes stored between 31 and 34°C (RT) showed greater reactivity in the EIA than those stored at )80°C, a significant difference between the two was observed only with DEN2. Storage between 31 and 34°C for up to 4 weeks (the longest period tested) did not affect the reactivity in the EIA, indicating the stability of DENV antigens.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 91%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Short Communication: Detection of dengue virus antigens in desiccated mosquitoes: an improved tool for surveillance

Thenmozhi

Kabilan

Samuel

et al. 2005

Tropical Med Int Health

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“…Likewise, live specimen collection would not be mandatory for DENV detection in mosquitoes. Arboviruses detection in dried mosquitoes has been successful in other systems, such as Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV)/ Culex tritaeniorhynchus [27], JEV/ Culex vishinui but also in DENV/ Ae. aegypti [14,28,29].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preliminary evaluation on the efficiency of the kit Platelia Dengue NS1 Ag-ELISA to detect dengue virus in dried Aedes aegypti: a potential tool to improve dengue surveillance

et al. 2014

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BackgroundSurveillance is a critical component of any dengue prevention and control programme. Herein, we investigate the efficiency of the commercial kit Platelia Dengue NS1 Ag-ELISA to detect dengue virus (DENV) antigens in Aedes aegypti mosquitoes infected under laboratory conditions.MethodsUnder insectary conditions, four to five day-old mosquitoes were orally challenged with DENV-2 titer of 3.6 x 105 PFU equivalent/ml, incubated for 14 days and then killed. At ten time-points following mosquito death (0, 6, 12, 24, 72, 96, 120, 144 and 168 h), i.e., during a one-week period, dried mosquitoes were comparatively tested for the detection of the NS1 antigen with other methods of detection, such as qRT-PCR and virus isolation in C6/36 cells.ResultsWe first observed that the NS1 antigen was more effective in detecting DENV-2 in Ae. aegypti between 12 and 72 h after mosquito death when compared with qRT-PCR. A second round involved comparing the sensitivity of detection of the NS1 antigen and virus isolation in C6/36 cells. The NS1 antigen was also more effective than virus isolation, detecting DENV-2 at all time-points, i.e., up to 168 h after mosquito death. Meanwhile, virus isolation was successful up to 96 h after Ae. aegypti death, but the number of positive samples per time period presented a tendency to decline progressively over time. From the 43 samples positive by the virus isolation technique, 38 (88.4%) were also positive by the NS1 test.ConclusionTaken together, these results are the first to indicate that the NS1 antigen might be an interesting complementary tool to improve dengue surveillance through DENV detection in dried Ae. aegypti females.

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“…The JEV infection status can also be monitored by screening desiccated vector specimens (Tewari et al . 1999), which requires sophisticated laboratory facilities and especially designed monoclonal antibodies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Longitudinal studies in South Indian villages on Japanese encephalitis virus infection in mosquitoes and seroconversion in goats

Rajendran

Thenmozhi

Tewari

et al. 2003

Tropical Med Int Health

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SummaryJapanese encephalitis (JE) is endemic in Cuddalore district, Tamil Nadu, where Culex tritaeniorhynchus Giles was the major vector. We screened 45 100 adult female Cx. tritaeniorhynchus (902 pools) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and isolated and confirmed JE virus (JEV) by using an insect bioassay system. We had 69 isolates of which 62 (90%) were identified as JEV. The average vector abundance per man hour for Cx. tritaeniorhynchus was 324.5 per month for the period June 1998-May 2000. The average minimum infection rate (MIR) per month in Cx. tritaeniorhynchus was 1.4 (range 0.0-5.6). Every year, a new batch of goats, 20 in the first year and 31 in the second year, born during the non-JE transmission period (January-June), aged <6 months and negative for haemagglutination inhibition (HI) antibodies were procured and placed in the villages as sentinels. Fortnightly, blood specimens were collected from these goats and tested for JE antibodies by HI test. Seroconversions (SCs) were recorded in 14 goats (70%) in the first year and 23 goats (74%) in the second year. JE HI antibody titres in goats were low (1:10-1:80) and these levels declined to undetectable levels in about 4 weeks following SCs. The time sequence of events indicated that four of five peaks of MIR in mosquitoes were followed 1-3 months later by peaks in the proportion of seroconverted goats. We suggest the screening of goats and cattle as a more feasible tool to stratify areas according to JE infection risk to the human population through the regular health system rather than screening mosquitoes using monoclonal antibodies, which is possible only in specialized laboratories.keywords Japanese encephalitis, virus infection, goat seroconversion, infected vector abundance, minimum infection rate, India correspondence Dr K.

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Detection of Japanese encephalitis virus antigen in desiccated mosquitoes: an improved surveillance system

Cited by 10 publications

References 4 publications

Short Communication: Detection of dengue virus antigens in desiccated mosquitoes: an improved tool for surveillance

Short Communication: Detection of dengue virus antigens in desiccated mosquitoes: an improved tool for surveillance

Preliminary evaluation on the efficiency of the kit Platelia Dengue NS1 Ag-ELISA to detect dengue virus in dried Aedes aegypti: a potential tool to improve dengue surveillance

Longitudinal studies in South Indian villages on Japanese encephalitis virus infection in mosquitoes and seroconversion in goats

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