Detection of metallic and<scp>nonmetallic</scp>concealed targets based on millimeter‐wave inverse scattering approach

Haraz, Osama M.; Ashraf, Muhammad A.; Sebak, A.; Alshebeili, Saleh A.

doi:10.1002/mmce.22290

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…It requires the fast and accurate detection of hazards from the source to minimize unnecessary losses. The traditional methods of security inspection are widely used, but they generally suffer from different defects: optical methods, as an early detection method, have a short wavelength and are unable to penetrate clothing, which makes it difficult to detect hidden objects; metal detection instruments can only identify metal targets of certain sizes and are unable to identify non-metallic items [1], such as fire sources; and X-ray security inspections, although penetrating, will generate harmful ionizing radiation to the human body, affecting human health [2]. These negative factors have greatly affected the effectiveness and reliability of security checks, resulting in a hidden danger for safety.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Swin-YOLO for Concealed Object Detection in Millimeter Wave Images

Huang,

Wei,

et al. 2023

Applied Sciences

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Concealed object detection in millimeter wave (MMW) images has gained significant attention in the realm of public safety, primarily due to its distinctive advantages of non-hazardous and non-contact operation. However, this undertaking confronts substantial challenges in practical applications, owing to the inherent limitations of low imaging resolution, small concealed object size, intricate environmental noise, and the need for real-time performance. In this study, we propose Swin-YOLO, an innovative single-stage detection model built upon transformer layers. Our approach encompasses several key contributions. Firstly, the integration of Local Perception Swin Transform Layers (LPST Layers) enhanced the network’s capability to acquire contextual information and local awareness. Secondly, we introduced a novel feature fusion layer and a specialized prediction head for detecting small targets, effectively leveraging the network’s shallow feature information. Lastly, a coordinate attention (CA) module was seamlessly incorporated between the neck network and the detection head, augmenting the network’s sensitivity towards critical regions of small objects. To validate the efficacy and feasibility of our proposed method, we created a new MMW dataset containing a large number of small concealed objects and conducted comprehensive experiments to evaluate the effectiveness of overall and partial improvements, as well as computational efficiency. The results demonstrated a remarkable 4.7% improvement in the mean Average Precision (mAP) for Swin-YOLO compared with the YOLOv5 baseline. Moreover, when compared with other enhanced transformer-based models, Swin-YOLO exhibited a superior accuracy and the fastest inference speed. The proposed model showcases enhanced performance and holds promise for advancing the capabilities of real-world applications in public safety domains.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Swin-YOLO for Concealed Object Detection in Millimeter Wave Images

Huang,

Wei,

et al. 2023

Applied Sciences

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“…In the Reference 6, a Vivaldi antenna with nonidentical flanges is proposed for indirect holography in metallic imaging. In the Reference 7, metallic as well as nonmetallic concealed targets are detected by using a lens‐loaded antipodal Vivaldi antenna. However, in all these designs, there is no control on the antenna bandwidth, and the antenna gain is not constant over the operating bandwidth.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A novel bandpass filter fed antipodal tapered slot antenna for millimeter wave imaging

Saxena

2021

Int J RF Mic Comp-Aid Eng

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In this paper, we propose antipodal tapered slot antenna with integrated bandpass filter over 23.5-40 GHz for high resolution imaging applications. The novel antenna feed comprises of half mode substrate integrated waveguide and rectangular slots with isosceles trapezoidal variation. The feed section gives a passband over 23.5-40 GHz with S 11 j j< À10 dB and S 21 j j'0 dB. We present the design evolution procedure for the integrated filter antenna. The proposed antenna exhibits S 11 j j< À10 dB over the controlled bandwidth from 23.5 GHz to 40 GHz. We incorporate rectangular corrugations in the form of a staircase at the outer edges of the antenna and ground plane slots to achieve a stable gain and stable radiation pattern over the controlled bandwidth. The proposed antenna occupies a volume of 30.3 Â 16 Â 0.254 mm 3 , and is fabricated and tested. The measured results show good agreement with simulations. As compared to the state-of-the-art approaches, the proposed antenna is compact in size and exhibits a constant gain and stable radiation pattern over the operating bandwidth. We describe case studies to illustrate the application of the proposed antenna in a wideband imaging system for the detection of concealed objects and material defects. The reconstructed images obtained with the proposed antenna demonstrate its potential for use in high-resolution millimeter wave imaging systems.antipodal tapered slot antenna, half mode substrate integrated waveguide, integrated filter antenna, millimeter wave imaging | INTRODUCTIONIn recent years, noninvasive imaging has been deployed in various industrial, commercial, medical, and security applications. They include through-wall imaging, biomedical imaging, detection of concealed objects, security scanners, nondestructive testing of materials for fault detection, and detection of landmines and unexploded ordnance. Owing to their nonionizing nature and capability to detect nonmetallic objects, microwave and millimeter wave imaging systems have emerged as good alternatives to the conventional X-ray scanning technology. As less-crowded large bandwidth is available at higher frequencies, imaging systems at these frequencies benefit from their small size and a higher spatial resolution. The latter is crucial to capture the minutest details during imaging. While capturing a high-resolution image, the wide bandwidth signal is directed towards the target with the help of a high gain and wideband antenna. Given a target for imaging, the directivity, gain,

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