Detection of methamphetamine and amphetamine in a skeletonized body buried for 5 years

Kojima, Tohru; Okamoto, Ichiro; Miyazaki, Tetsuji; Chikasue, F.; Yashiki, Mikio; Nakamura, K.

doi:10.1016/0379-0738(86)90193-3

Cited by 49 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…In human bone marrow, several drugs including methamphetamine, paracetamol, aminopyrine and cyclobarbital can be identified [11][12][13][14] but this seems to be the first report on the presence of triazolam in human bone marrow and mummified tissue.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Detection of triazolam in skeletal remains buried for 4 years

Kudo

Sugie

Syoui

et al. 1997

International Journal of Legal Medicine

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Analyses of the hypnotic triazolam from the remains of two human skeletons buried underground for 4 years were made for purposes of confirmation. The bone marrow and mummified muscle were digested with 2 M sodium hydroxide, efficiently extracted using a 3-step solvent extraction procedure, and selectively analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry with the negative ion chemical ionization mode. Estazolam was the internal standard used. Triazolam was detected in all the samples; the concentrations were 0.36 ng/g in the bone marrow of one victim, and 0.37 and 5.5 ng/g in the bone marrow and mummified muscle of the other victim. This method should prove useful for determination of triazolam in extensively decomposed bodies.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Detection of triazolam in skeletal remains buried for 4 years

Kudo

Sugie

Syoui

et al. 1997

International Journal of Legal Medicine

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“…for gammahydroxybutyric acid (GHB) [12], the possibility of a postmortem formation by bacterial enzyme activity has been observed. Other substances such as methamphetamine, amphetamine [13,14] and diazepam [15] could still be detected in putrefied tissues after a long storage time.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Stability of ethyl glucuronide in urine, post-mortem tissue and blood samples

et al. 2005

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The stability of ethyl glucuronide (EtG) under conditions of degradation was examined in urine samples of nine volunteers and in post-mortem tissue (liver, skeletal muscle) and blood taken from seven corpses at autopsies. Analysis was performed via LC-MS/MS. EtG concentrations in urine samples ranged from 2.5 to 296.5 mg/l. When stored at 4 degrees C in airtight test tubes, EtG concentrations remained relatively constant; when stored at room temperature (RT) for 5 weeks in ventilated vials, variations of EtG concentrations ranged from a 30% decrease to an 80% increase, with an average of 37.5% increase. Liver and skeletal muscle tissue of three corpses with positive blood alcohol concentrations (BAC; ranging from 0.106 to 0.183 g%) were stored for 4 weeks and analysed periodically. EtG concentrations decreased 27.7% on average in 4 weeks storage at RT but EtG was still detectable in all samples with initial EtG concentrations higher than 1 mug/g. Blood and liver samples of four corpses with negative BACs were stored at RT after addition of 0.1 g% ethanol, and no new formation of EtG was observed.

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“…They can also become adipocerous by saponification [52,53] or dry into brownish or yellowish powder [54][55][56]. Overall, BM has been found suitable for toxicological analysis in human corpses up to 5 years after death [57].…”

Section: Age-related Involutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In at least six case reports [55,57,[65][66][67][68], toxicological findings were restricted to skeletal tissue analysis. They concerned corpses discovered in skeleton state, 7 months to 5 years after their disappearance.…”

Section: Case Reportsmentioning

confidence: 99%

State-of-the-art of bone marrow analysis in forensic toxicology: a review

et al. 2010

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Although blood is the reference medium in the field of forensic toxicology, alternative matrices are required in case of limited, unavailable or unusable blood samples. The present review investigated the suitability of bone marrow (BM) as an alternative matrix to characterize xenobiotic consumption and its influence on the occurrence of death. Basic data on BM physiology are reported in order to highlight the specificities of this matrix and their analytical and toxicokinetic consequences. A review of case reports, animal and human studies involving BM sample analysis focuses on the various parameters of interpretation of toxicological results: analytic limits, sampling location, pharmacokinetics, blood/BM concentration correlation, stability and postmortem redistribution. Tables summarizing the analytical conditions and quantification of 45 compounds from BM samples provide a useful tool for toxicologists. A specific section devoted to ethanol shows that, despite successful quantification, interpretation is highly dependent on postmortem interval. In conclusion, BM is an interesting alternative matrix, and further experimental data and validated assays are required to confirm its great potential relevance in forensic toxicology.

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Detection of methamphetamine and amphetamine in a skeletonized body buried for 5 years

Cited by 49 publications

References 5 publications

Detection of triazolam in skeletal remains buried for 4 years

Detection of triazolam in skeletal remains buried for 4 years

Stability of ethyl glucuronide in urine, post-mortem tissue and blood samples

State-of-the-art of bone marrow analysis in forensic toxicology: a review

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