Detection of methicillin resistant and toxin-associated genes in Staphylococcus aureus

Ezeamagu, Cajethan Onyebuchi; Imanatue, Irene; Dosunmu, Margaret; Odeseye, A.O.; Baysah, Glory; Aina, Daniel Ayandiran; Odutayo, Foluke; Mensah-Agyei, Grace Oluwatoyin

doi:10.1016/j.bjbas.2017.07.010

Cited by 15 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…However, several other studies disagreed with our results, which reported a significant association between β-lactam resistance and tsst-1 gene [19,48].…”

Section: Distribution Of the Tsst-1 Gene With Antibiotic Susceptibility Analysiscontrasting

confidence: 99%

“…Another study by Alajealy et al (2017) [47] found that the tsst gene is present in all S. aureus isolates (100%), while Koosha et al (2016) found it in 68% of the isolated [19]. The tsst gene expression reported by Ezeamagu et al (2018) [48] and Ahrabi et al (2019) [49] had lower percentages than that shown in the present study (14% and 1.5%, respectively.…”

Section: Detection Of Tsst-1 Genecontrasting

confidence: 54%

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A Molecular Study of Toxic Shock Syndrome Toxin gene (tsst-1) in β-lactam Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Clinical Isolates

Omar

Mohammed

2021

eijs

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Three hundred and sixty different samples were collected from different sources, including wound, burn, nasal, and oral swabs from several hospitals in Baghdad. A number of 150 (53%) Staphylococcus aureus samples were isolated and identified among a total of 283 samples. Then, the spread of the Toxic Shock Syndrome Toxin-1 gene (tsst-1) was investigated in β-lactamase resistant S. aureus. According to the source of samples, the distribution of S. aureus isolates was found to be significantly higher (p < 0.01) in wound samples as compared to other sources. According to the age, a highly significant distribution (p < 0.01) was recorded in the age group of 15-30 years, whereas gender comparison showed no statistically significant differences. All the isolates were subjected to susceptibility test against eight β-Lactam antibiotics by using the disc diffusion method. The antimicrobial susceptibility test showed that S. aureus had maximum resistance percentage to Carbenicillin (97.3%), while the lowest resistance rate was against Meropenem, with a sensitivity rate of up to 82%. In addition, 144 (96%) out of the 150 S. aureus isolates have multiple drug resistance (MDR). All the isolates were subjected to polymerase chain reaction to amplify tsst-1 toxin gene. A number of 70 isolates (46.7%) were found to be positive for tsst-1 gene. The results showed no significant correlation between tsst-1 gene with the individual antibiotic resistance and the multi-drug resistance patterns of the isolates (p = 0.226).

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“…However, several other studies disagreed with our results, which reported a significant association between β-lactam resistance and tsst-1 gene [19,48].…”

Section: Distribution Of the Tsst-1 Gene With Antibiotic Susceptibility Analysiscontrasting

confidence: 99%

Section: Detection Of Tsst-1 Genecontrasting

confidence: 54%

A Molecular Study of Toxic Shock Syndrome Toxin gene (tsst-1) in β-lactam Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Clinical Isolates

Omar

Mohammed

2021

eijs

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“…The 18 presumptive S. aureus bacterial strains obtained herein gave positive results regarding catalase reaction; they were Gram-positive coccoid cells. The identification of those 18 presumptive S. aureus bacterial strains using manual biological tests could give elusive results [ 18 , 25 ]. Therefore, the identification of these bacteria was carried out by API kits (Biomerieux, Montalieu-Vercieu, France), which approved that the 18 presumptive S. aureus bacteria belong to S. aureus .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inhibition of Staphylococcus aureus LC 554891 by Moringa oleifera Seed Extract either Singly or in Combination with Antibiotics

Enan

Al-Mohammadi²,

Mahgoub

et al. 2020

Molecules

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Bacterial outbreaks caused by Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) are interesting due to the existence of multidrug resistant (MDR) isolates. Therefore, there is a need to develop novel ways to control such MDR S. aureus. In this study, some natural agents such as honey bee (HB), extracts of either Moringa oleifera seeds (MSE), or leaves (MLE) and essential oils of garlic, clove, and moringa were studied for their inhibitory activity against this S. aureus pathogen. About 100 food samples including beef luncheon (n = 25), potato chips (n = 50), and corn flakes (n = 25) were investigated for possible pollution with the S. aureus bacteria. The isolated bacteria suspected to belong S. aureus that grew well onto Baird–Parker agar (Oxoid) and shiny halo zones and positive coagulase reaction were selected and identified by API-Kits; all of them that were approved belong to S. aureus (18 strains). The sensitivity of the obtained 18 S. aureus bacterial strains to 12 antibiotics were evaluated; all of them were resistant to ofloxacin; however, other antibiotics tested showed variable results. Interestingly, the S. aureus No. B3 isolated from beef luncheon was resistant to10 antibiotics out of 12 ones tested. Multiple antibiotic resistance index (MAR) of this S. aureus strain was about 83.3%. Therefore, its identification was confirmed by sequencing of a 16S rRNA gene which approved a successful biochemical identification carried out by API Kits and such strain was designated S. aureus LC 554891. The genome of such strain appeared to contain mecA gene encoding methicillin resistance; it was found to contain hla, hlb, tsst-1, and finbA that encode α-blood hemolysis, β-blood hemolysis, toxic shock syndrome gene, and fibrinogen-binding protein gene, respectively. In addition, the virulence factors viz. sea; seb; sec encoding enterotoxins were detected in the DNA extracted from S. aureus B3 strain. Aqueous extract of Moringa oleifera seeds (MSE) showed inhibitory activity against S. aureus LC 554891 better than that obtained by tetracycline, essential oils or HB. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of MSE was 20µg/mL. Instrumental analysis of MSE showed 14 bioactive chemical compounds. Combinations of both MSE and tetracycline showed distinctive inhibitory activity against S. aureus LC 554891 than that obtained by either tetracycline or MSE singly.

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“…Both studies in two latter countries discovered the positive tsst-1 genes were mostly derived from blood and wound (Eftekhar et al 2017, Roetzer et al 2016. The different results were obtained in Nigeria and Malaysia that the tsst-1 genes were not found in wound samples, but were found in samples of both vaginal fluid and respiratory (Ezeamagu et al 2017, Lim et al 2012. The tsst-1 genes could be found from diverse specimens of different substances of the patient's body.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Molecular Genotyping of Tsst-1 Gene Staphylococcus Aureus from Clinical Specimen

Puspitarini

Kuntaman

Wasito³

et al. 2021

FMI

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Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is the most common pathogen in humans that causes various infections. Variations in infections due to S. aureus are related to the presence of virulence factors, one of which is Toxic Shock Syndrome Toxin-1 (TSST-1) which is the main cause of Toxic Shock Syndrome (TSS). This study aimed to explore the genetic pattern of the tsst-1 genes among MSSA and MRSA from clinical isolates of patients at Dr. Soetomo Academic Hospital, Surabaya-Indonesia. PCR examination was performed on 106 clinical samples of S. aureus isolates to determine the presence of the tsst-1 genes; subsequently, phylogenetic analysis was performed. The positive tsst-1 genes were found in 3 (5.7%) MSSA isolates and 2 (3.8%) MRSA isolates from 106 samples, of which were divided into 53 MSSA isolates and 53 MRSA isolates. No significant difference was noticed between the tsst-1 genes on both the MSSA and MRSA bacteria (p = 0.648). The positive tsst-1 genes were found in 1 (4.5%) of pus specimens and 2 (16.7%) of blood specimens from MSSA isolates. However, the positive tsst-1 genes were found in neither sputum nor urine specimens. The genes were found in 2 (16.7%) of blood specimens from MRSA isolates. Based on the phylogenetic tree, Indonesian tsst-1 isolates belonged to the same clade as Japan, Iran, Iraq, India, Egypt and the United Kingdom isolates. The prevalence of tsst-1 genes of both MSSA and MRSA from clinical isolates in Dr. Soetomo Academic Hospital Surabaya are 5.7% and 3.8%, respectively. The tsst-1 genes of Surabaya-Indonesia, Japan, Iran, Iraq, India, Egypt and the United Kingdom belonged to the same clade.

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Detection of methicillin resistant and toxin-associated genes in Staphylococcus aureus

Cited by 15 publications

References 57 publications

A Molecular Study of Toxic Shock Syndrome Toxin gene (tsst-1) in β-lactam Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Clinical Isolates

A Molecular Study of Toxic Shock Syndrome Toxin gene (tsst-1) in β-lactam Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Clinical Isolates

Inhibition of Staphylococcus aureus LC 554891 by Moringa oleifera Seed Extract either Singly or in Combination with Antibiotics

Molecular Genotyping of Tsst-1 Gene Staphylococcus Aureus from Clinical Specimen

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