Detection of Multiple Faces in an Image Using Skin Color Information and Lines-of-Separability Face Model

Abstract

In this paper, human faces are detected using the skin color information and the Lines-of-Separability (LS) face model. The various skin color spaces based on widely used color models such as RGB, HSV, YCbCr, YUV and YIQ are compared and an appropriate color model is selected for the purpose of skin color segmentation. The proposed approach of skin color segmentation is based on YCbCr color model and sigma control limits for variations in its color components. The segmentation by the proposed method is found to be more efficient in terms of speed and accuracy. Each of the skin segmented regions is then searched for the facial features using the LS face model to detect the face present in it. The LS face model is a geometric approach in which the spatial relationships among the facial features are determined for the purpose of face detection. Hence, the proposed approach based on the combination of skin color segmentation and LS face model is able to detect single as well as multiple faces present in a given image. The experimental results and comparative analysis demonstrate the effectiveness of this approach.

Face Detection Algorithm based on Skin Detection, Watershed Method and Gabor Filters

“…Among these, the class of methods based on invariant characteristics such as skin color, whose analysis turns out to be a good basic tool for multiple systems of face detection [2][3][4][5][6].…”

“…The HSV color space is used frequently too in some works [6,15]. Finally, note that other papers [2,5,[16][17][18] argue that the YCbCr color space provides good detection of skin pixels.…”

“… Nonparametric skin model which estimates the distribution of skin colors in the training data without any assumption about the distribution, such as Bayesian model based on histograms [10].  The skin fixed thresholds model that explicitly defines, following a number of rules, bounds of skin areas in the color space [3,5,6,[12][13][14].…”

“…In the same way, for the YCbCr space, the test is done with the proposed model in [5] which establishes the following rules for a skin color levels (Cb, Cr: two chroma components from R, G and B levels):…”

A Face Attention Technique for a Robot Able to Interpret Facial Expressions

“…Hiremath and Danti [2] proposed a bottom-up approach to model human faces. In this method a face is explained by various lines-of-separability, being one of them the axis of symmetry.…”