Detection of Neospora caninum DNA in cases of bovine and ovine abortion in the South-West of Scotland

Bartley, Paul M.; Guido, Stefano; Mason, Colin; Stevenson, Heather L.; Chianini, Francesca; Carty, Helen; Innes, Elisabeth A.; Katzer, Frank

doi:10.1017/s0031182019000301

Cited by 14 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…caninum causes heavy economic losses in livestock, particularly cattle, which are economically the most important host of natural N . caninum infections [ 105 ]. One of the major effects of infection in cows is abortion, in some geographical areas up to 42.5% of abortions are caused by N .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neospora caninum infection in aborting bovines and lost fetuses: A systematic review and meta-analysis

et al. 2022

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Background Neospora caninum (N. caninum) is known to be a major cause of reproductive failure in cattle herds around the world. Therefore, the current comprehensive study was performed to estimate the global prevalence of N. caninum infection in bovines that had an abortion and aborted fetuses. Methods In this study, PubMed, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, Scopus, and ProQuest databases were systematically searched for relevant studies up until November 4, 2021. Pooled prevalence and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated using a random effect model. Other analyzes performed on the data of this study include sensitivity analysis, publication bias test, and quality assessment. Results The final analyses included 71 studies conducted on 2965 abortive cattle and 4805 aborted fetuses. The overall prevalence rates of N. caninum infection in bovines that had an abortion were 47% and 1% using serological and molecular methods. Furthermore, overall prevalence rates of N. caninum infection in bovine aborted fetuses globally were 35% (95% CI: 8%–62%) and 43% (95% CI: 35%–52%) using serological and molecular methods. Conclusions The results of this study showed the high prevalence of N. caninum infection in bovines that had an abortion and aborted fetuses. It is hoped that the results of this study will help prevent abortion in bovines around the world and encourage further studies to determine the impact of this parasite on the occurrence of abortion that may help reduce the economic damage caused by abortion worldwide.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neospora caninum infection in aborting bovines and lost fetuses: A systematic review and meta-analysis

et al. 2022

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“…However, recent evidence suggests that N. caninum is also linked to abortion and neonatal mortality in sheep [5,7,8,10]. Most of the studies focused on N. caninum in sheep have investigated the seroprevalence by sampling a representative number of animals from several flocks [13,15,29,30] or testing for N. caninum DNA presence in aborted foetuses from several flocks [17,20,31,32]. However, only one study addressed the relationship between N. caninum serostatus and reproductive performance in a sheep flock [8].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It was reported that 35-40% of N. caninum seropositive sheep in a flock suffered from reproductive failure [8]. Other studies reported that the detection rates of N. caninum DNA in aborted foetuses ranged from 7% to 20% [17][18][19][20]. Recently, it was demonstrated that recrudescence of a chronic infection and the subsequent endogenous transplacental transmission, the most frequent route of transmission in cattle, are also highly efficient in sheep [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamics of Neospora caninum-Associated Abortions in a Dairy Sheep Flock and Results of a Test-and-Cull Control Programme

et al. 2021

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Neospora caninum is an apicomplexan parasite that can cause abortions and perinatal mortality in sheep. Although ovine neosporosis has been described worldwide, there is a lack of information about the relationship between N. caninum serostatus and the reproductive performance. In this study, we described the infection dynamics in a dairy sheep flock with an abortion rate up to 25% and a N. caninum seroprevalence of 32%. Abortions were recorded in 36% and 9% of seropositive and seronegative sheep, respectively. Seropositive sheep were more likely to abort twice (OR = 4.44) or three or more times (OR = 10.13) than seronegative sheep. Endogenous transplacental transmission was the main route of transmission since 86% of seropositive sheep had seropositive offspring. Within dams that had any abortion, seropositive sheep were more likely than seronegative ones to have female descendants that aborted (OR = 8.12). The slight increase in seropositivity with the age, the low percentage of animals with postnatal seroconversion or with low avidity antibodies, and the seropositivity of one flock dog, indicated that horizontal transmission might have some relevance in this flock. A control programme based on selective culling of seropositive sheep and replacement with seronegative animals was effective in reducing the abortion rate to 7.2%.

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“…This parasite is commonly the most frequently detected pathogen in aborted calves (e.g., 18% in Scotland, [48] and in PM calves but infection rates are generally lower (<10%) in the latter. Neospora caninum is more commonly detected in dairy than suckler foetuses [38].Seropositive heifers are four-times more likely to have a PM case at first or second calving [49] and co-infection with BVDv may exacerbate this effect [50].…”

Section: Neospora Caninummentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Infection and Immunity in Bovine Perinatal Mortality: Part 1. Causes and Current Diagnostic Approaches

Mee

Jawor

Stefaniak

2021

Animals

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While non-infectious causes are more commonly diagnosed in cases of bovine perinatal mortality (PM), the proportion caused by infections is highly variable between studies (~5–35%); the reasons for this variation, and possible underestimation, are discussed. The most important pathogen-specific infectious causes of PM are bacteria (in particular, Bacillus licheniformis and Leptospira spp.), viruses (in particular BVDv) and a parasite (Neospora caninum). However, co-infection may occur in a small proportion of cases and in many cases no single pathogen is detected but gross or microscopic lesions of an inflammatory response are identified. Diagnosis is complicated by the criteria required to establish exposure, infection and causation. Additionally, pathogens can be classified as primary or secondary though such differentiation can be arbitrary. The majority of infectious cases of PM are due to in utero infections but postnatal infections (0–2 days) can also cause PM. Diagnosis of infectious PM is based on a systematic investigation of the herd health history and dam and cohort sampling and examination of the perinate and its placenta. Gross and histopathologic examinations and maternal/herd and perinate serology form the basis of current infectious PM investigations.

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Detection of Neospora caninum DNA in cases of bovine and ovine abortion in the South-West of Scotland

Cited by 14 publications

References 20 publications

Neospora caninum infection in aborting bovines and lost fetuses: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Neospora caninum infection in aborting bovines and lost fetuses: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Dynamics of Neospora caninum-Associated Abortions in a Dairy Sheep Flock and Results of a Test-and-Cull Control Programme

Role of Infection and Immunity in Bovine Perinatal Mortality: Part 1. Causes and Current Diagnostic Approaches

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