Detection of osteoarthritis in dogs by metabolic, pro-inflammatory and degenerative synovial fluid biomarkers and traditional radiographic screening: A pilot study

Bakker, Evelien de; Broeckx, Bart J. G.; Demeyere, Kristel; Stroobants, Veerle; Ryssen, Bernadette Van; Meyer, Evelyne

doi:10.1016/j.vetimm.2021.110252

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…There was no significant difference in mean pH values in group I (7.33±0.17) and II (7.67±0.25), similar pH range, varied from 7.0 to 8.0 was recorded in normal adult dog by Bakker et al (2021).…”

Section: Physicochemical and Cytological Analysis Of Synovial Fluid I...mentioning

confidence: 53%

“…Diagnostic procedures include synovial fluid analysis and cytologic examination, to be performed especially in animals having joint effusion. The biomarkers that can potentially be used to detect different types of arthritis like osteoarthritis, septic arthritis are metabolic parameters i.e., pH, glucose and lactate (Bakker et al, 2021). The advantage of these metabolic biomarkers is that, their analytical methods are simpler and cheaper compared to the immuno-assays for the pro-inflammatory and degenerative biomarkers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Physicochemical and Cytological Analysis of Synovial Fluid in Young and Adult Dogs

Gupta,

Vaish,

Sharma

et al. 2023

IJAR

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Background: Synovial fluid is a complex viscous fluid which provides lubrication to the articulating joints to avoid friction and wearing of cartilages. It is also an indicator of health status of joint, but a comparison of its composition between young and adult dogs is lacking. Methods: Present study was conducted to evaluate physical, biochemical and cytological analysis of synovial fluid in apparently healthy stifle joint of young and adult non-descript dogs. Twelve non-descript dogs irrespective of sex were divided into two groups (6 dogs in each group) i.e., group I (2-8 months of age) and group II (1-8 years of age). Dogs died in the OPDs of Veterinary Clinical Complex, Jabalpur were acquired with the consent of pet parent. The duration of study was one year, i.e., from September 2021 to August 2022. Immediately after collection of synovial fluid; volume, colour, viscosity, pH, specific gravity and refractive index were recorded, smear on slides were prepared. Protein and glucose were estimated within one hour using biochemical semi-autoanalyzer. Result: Volume of fluid collected in a single attempt varied from one drop to 0.5 ml. Mean pH values in group I and II were 7.33±0.17 and 7.67±0.25 respectively. Mean values of refractive index and specific gravity were 1.34 and 1.02 respectively in both the groups. Observations of mucin clot test of synovial fluid in group I and II exhibited a tight ropy clot in a clear solution. Turbidity was not observed in any case. Mean protein concentration was 1.29±0.18 g/dl and 2.74±0.84 g/dl in group I and II respectively. The concentration of glucose in group I and II was 102.79±3.66 mg/dl and 105.47±4.19 mg/dl respectively, that was around normal blood plasma level. Cytological observation revealed 1-3 cells per field at 1000x magnification. Mean neutrophil count in both the groups was about 6% of total nucleated cell count. Small mononuclear cells and large mononuclear cells were 19±3.79, 74.33±4.24 and 12.17±2.33, 81.83±2.54 in group I and II respectively. Biochemically and cytologically no significant difference was observed between the group I and II. Vacuolated large mononuclear cells contributed about 6-6.5% of total large mononuclear cells in both the groups. No significant difference was observed in most physical and biochemical parameters of synovial fluid in young and adult dogs, except a higher concentration of protein content in adults.

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Section: Physicochemical and Cytological Analysis Of Synovial Fluid I...mentioning

confidence: 53%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physicochemical and Cytological Analysis of Synovial Fluid in Young and Adult Dogs

Gupta,

Vaish,

Sharma

et al. 2023

IJAR

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“…The biomarkers' detection in the biological fluids was further examined over time and compared with the findings of previous reports [49][50][51][52][53]. In contrast to the previous report [54,55], the proinflammatory markers were under the detection limit in all groups.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Detection and Evaluation of Serological Biomarkers to Predict Osteoarthritis in Anterior Cruciate Ligament Transection Combined Medial Meniscectomy Rat Model

Huang

Yang

Busa

et al. 2021

IJMS

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Biomarkers are essential tools in osteoarthritis (OA) research, clinical trials, and drug development. Detecting and evaluating biomarkers in OA research can open new avenues for researching and developing new therapeutics. In the present report, we have explored the serological detection of various osteoarthritis-related biomarkers in the preclinical model of OA. In this surgical OA model, we disrupted the medial tibial cartilage’s integrity via anterior cruciate ligament transection combined with medial meniscectomy (ACLT+MMx) of a single joint of Wistar rats. The progression of OA was verified, as shown by the microscopic deterioration of cartilage and the increasing cartilage degeneration scoring from 4 to 12 weeks postsurgery. The concentration of serological biomarkers was measured at two timepoints, along with the complete blood count and bone electrolytes, with biochemical analysis further conducted. The panel evaluated inflammatory biomarkers, bone/cartilage biomarkers, and lipid metabolic pathway biomarkers. In chronic OA rats, we found a significant reduction of total vitamin D3 and C-telopeptide fragments of type II (CTX-II) levels in the serum as compared to sham-operated rats. In contrast, the serological levels of adiponectin, leptin, and matrix metallopeptidase (MMP3) were significantly enhanced in chronic OA rats. The inflammatory markers, blood cell composition, and biochemical profile remained unchanged after surgery. In conclusion, we found that a preclinical model of single-joint OA with significant deterioration of the cartilage can lead to serological changes to the cartilage and metabolic-related biomarkers without alteration of the systemic blood and biochemical profile. Thus, this biomarker profile provides a new tool for diagnostic/therapeutic assessment in OA scientific research.

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“…Composition and structural cartilage changes can be detected ( via MRI) alongside potential microscopic bone remodelling and osteophytosis ( via CT) (Jones et al 2022). Similarly, high‐field MRI imaging is being used to determine the biomarkers involved in the early OA disease process within a joint (De Bakker et al 2017, 2021, Chu et al . 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An update on mobility assessment of dogs with musculoskeletal disease

Clark

Comerford

2023

J of Small Animal Practice

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Mobility impairments associated with musculoskeletal diseases, such as osteoarthritis and degenerative joint disease, affect approximately 200,000 dogs annually and pose a notable challenge to canine health and welfare. Osteoarthritis causes the remodelling of synovial joints, alongside inflammation and impaired mechanical function which can be extremely debilitating. Secondary osteoarthritis commonly affects dogs and can be exacerbated by previous joint abnormalities, such as patellar luxation or cranial cruciate ligament rupture. Although musculoskeletal diseases can affect dogs of any age, the early subtle signs of gait abnormalities are perhaps missed by owners, thus, dogs may be in the latter stages of osteoarthritis progression when they are presented to veterinarians. Dogs showing subtle signs of gait abnormalities must be presented to veterinary practices for acute diagnosis to prevent long‐term deterioration. Musculoskeletal diseases, such as osteoarthritis and degenerative joint disease, are commonly diagnosed via visible radiographic changes. However, veterinarians can use a combination of subjective and objective clinical scoring systems, such as clinical metrology instruments and gait assessment in conjunction with radiography to aid their diagnosis and longitudinal monitoring of musculoskeletal diseases. These scoring systems may be more sensitive to earlier signs of mobility impairments in dogs, ultimately, promoting increased canine health and welfare by enabling pain reduction, improvement of muscle strength and preservation of joint function. Current canine mobility scoring systems available to veterinarians will be discussed in turn throughout this review for implementation into clinical practice.

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Detection of osteoarthritis in dogs by metabolic, pro-inflammatory and degenerative synovial fluid biomarkers and traditional radiographic screening: A pilot study

Cited by 6 publications

References 37 publications

Physicochemical and Cytological Analysis of Synovial Fluid in Young and Adult Dogs

Physicochemical and Cytological Analysis of Synovial Fluid in Young and Adult Dogs

Detection and Evaluation of Serological Biomarkers to Predict Osteoarthritis in Anterior Cruciate Ligament Transection Combined Medial Meniscectomy Rat Model

An update on mobility assessment of dogs with musculoskeletal disease

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