Detection of respiratory pathogens in porcine lung tissue and lavage fluid

Moorkamp, L.; Nathues, Heiko; Spergser, Joachim; Tegeler, R.; Beilage, Elisabeth große

doi:10.1016/j.tvjl.2007.01.008

Cited by 26 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Therefore, the practical significance of this finding is that future work on control of disease caused by P. multocida in pigs may require investigation of multivalent vaccines based on these bacteria rather than a monovalent vaccine. In addition, our results showed high isolation rates of S. suis , HPS , E. coli , and Bb , in accordance with recent reports from China [8, 22] and some other countries [27–29]. …”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Occurrence of Pasteurella multocida among pigs with respiratory disease in China between 2011 and 2015

Liu

Zhao

et al. 2017

Ir Vet J

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BackgroundPrior to the 1990s, P. multocida capsular serogroup A was the most prevalent in China, followed by serogroups B and D. Thirty years later, serogroup D became the most prevalent, followed by serogroups A and B. However, the P. multocida capsular serogroups currently circulating in China remain unclear. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to provide an update on P. multocida serogroups isolated from diagnostic samples collected from clinically diseased pigs in Central and Eastern China from 2011 to 2015.ResultsBetween February 2011 and October 2015, 296 isolates of Pasteurella multocida were collected from 3212 pigs with clinical respiratory disease in 12 provinces of China (isolation rate of 9.2%). Of the 296 collected isolates, 146 (49.3%) were P. multocida capsular type A, 141 (47.6%) were capsular type D, and one was capsular type B. Streptococcus suis (94/193; 48.7%), Haemophilus parasuis (76/193; 39.3%), Escherichia coli (53/193; 27.5%), and Bordetella bronchiseptica (26/193; 13.5%) were frequently isolated together with P. multocida. A total of 14 toxigenic P. multocida strains co-isolated with other pathogens from 32 cases of atrophic rhinitis were classified into serogroup D. The virulence of P. multocida capsular type A isolates was higher than that of capsular type D isolates based on LD50 studies in mice.ConclusionsOver the past 5 years, P. multocida capsular type A was the most frequently isolated from diagnostic submissions in Central and Eastern China, followed by serogroups D and B.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Occurrence of Pasteurella multocida among pigs with respiratory disease in China between 2011 and 2015

Liu

Zhao

et al. 2017

Ir Vet J

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“…Based on the bacteriology of the lung and BAL samples, it is possible that some of the individual cases of actinobacillosis were complicated by secondary, concurrent infections of PM , H. parasuis and/or B. bronchiseptica . In pigs, successful isolation of pathogens associated with active pneumonia from BAL and nasal samples varies between bacterial species and, particularly for APP the frequency of isolation tends to be low [20, 37]. In the present study, distribution of APP isolates at inclusion indicated that lung sampling at necropsy was the most accurate technique to isolate this pathogen compared with BAL and nasal swab (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 59%

“…In addition, necropsies were made from days 1 to 21 on five animals either removed from the study and euthanised on welfare grounds or after natural mortality. Broncho-alveolar lavage samples (BAL) [20] for bacteriology were collected from another 36 pigs (maximum of 10 animals / farm) before treatment on day −1 or 0 and again from the same animals on day 7. Nasal swabs (single nostril, approximately 10 cm deep) were collected on days 0 and 7 from all live animals that were not sampled by BAL.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Randomised controlled field study to evaluate the efficacy and clinical safety of a single 8 mg/kg injectable dose of marbofloxacin compared with one or two doses of 7.5 mg/kg injectable enrofloxacin for the treatment of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae infections in growing-fattening pigs in Europe

Grandemange¹,

Perrin²,

Cvejic³

et al. 2017

Porc Health Manag

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BackgroundAcute outbreaks of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae (APP) require rapid, effective, parenteral antimicrobial treatment. The efficacy and safety of a single, short-acting, high dose of marbofloxacin (Forcyl® swine 160 mg/mL) compared with 1 or 2 doses of 7.5 mg/kg enrofloxacin in APP outbreaks in European farms was studied.MethodsA controlled, randomised block, blinded, multicentre, field study was conducted on four farms with acute respiratory disease associated with APP. Animals with clinical signs of respiratory disease were allocated similarly to intramuscular treatments of either a single dose 8 mg/kg marbofloxacin on day 0 or, 7.5 mg/kg enrofloxacin (Baytril 1nject®) on day 0 and again on day 2, if clinical signs had not improved.ResultsThe results were similar for intention to treat (242 pigs) and per protocol populations (239 pigs). On day 0, all pigs had pyrexia (means, 40.6 °C), moderate to severe clinical signs (depression, cough, dyspnoea). Following treatment, animals improved rapidly and on day 7, clinical signs were absent or mild in all pigs and mean temperatures for each treatment were <39.5 °C (P > 0.05). The primary efficacy criterion, animals cured, for marbofloxacin and enrofloxacin was 81.8 and 81.4% on day 7, and 84.2 and 82.2% on day 21, respectively. Results for cure, respiratory disease removals and mortalities, and relapses were compared using confidence intervals and confirmed that marbofloxacin was non-inferior to enrofloxacin (P > 0.05). There were no significant treatment differences in live weight gains, adverse events and injection site reactions (<2.5% animals) (P > 0.05). Significantly more animals developed concurrent disorders in the enrofloxacin (7.5%) than marbofloxacin (0.0%) group (P < 0.01). On day 0, the MIC90 values of APP for marbofloxacin and enrofloxacin were 0.06 μg/mL for APP, less than the clinical breakpoints.ConclusionsMarbofloxacin (single dose of 8 mg/kg) and enrofloxacin (1 or 2 doses of 7.5 mg/kg) were clinically safe and effective in the treatment of clinical respiratory disease associated predominantly with APP in four European commercial, fattening pig herds.

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“…The use of PCR to detect M. hyopneumoniae in lung tissue has produced variable results. Moorkamp et al (2008) suggested that lung samples are more appropriate than BALF in cases of moderate to severe EP, whereas Kurth et al (2002) found lung tissue unreliable in this context.…”

Section: Polymerase Chain Reactionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current perspectives on the diagnosis and epidemiology of Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae infection

Sibila

Pieters

Molitor

et al. 2009

The Veterinary Journal

157

127

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Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae is the principal aetiological agent of enzootic pneumonia (EP), a chronic respiratory disease that affects mainly finishing pigs. Although major efforts to control M. hyopneumoniae infection and its detrimental effects have been made, significant economic losses in pig production worldwide due to EP continue. M. hyopneumoniae is typically introduced into pig herds by the purchase of subclinically infected animals or, less frequently, through airborne transmission over short distances. Once in the herd, M. hyopneumoniae may be transmitted by direct contact from infected sows to their offspring or between pen mates. The 'gold standard' technique used to diagnose M. hyopneumoniae infection, bacteriological culture, is laborious and is seldom used routinely. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and polymerase chain reaction detection methods, in addition to post-mortem inspection in the form of abattoir surveillance or field necropsy, are the techniques most frequently used to investigate the potential involvement of M. hyopneumoniae in porcine respiratory disease. Such techniques have been used to monitor the incidence of M. hyopneumoniae infection in herds both clinically and subclinically affected by EP, in vaccinated and non-vaccinated herds and under different production and management conditions. Differences in the clinical course of EP at farm level and in the efficacy of M. hyopneumoniae vaccination suggest that the transmission and virulence characteristics of different field isolates of M. hyopneumoniae may vary. This paper reviews the current state of knowledge of the epidemiology of M. hyopneumoniae infection including its transmission, infection and seroconversion dynamics and also compares the various epidemiological tools used to monitor EP.

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Detection of respiratory pathogens in porcine lung tissue and lavage fluid

Cited by 26 publications

References 3 publications

Occurrence of Pasteurella multocida among pigs with respiratory disease in China between 2011 and 2015

Occurrence of Pasteurella multocida among pigs with respiratory disease in China between 2011 and 2015

Randomised controlled field study to evaluate the efficacy and clinical safety of a single 8 mg/kg injectable dose of marbofloxacin compared with one or two doses of 7.5 mg/kg injectable enrofloxacin for the treatment of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae infections in growing-fattening pigs in Europe

Current perspectives on the diagnosis and epidemiology of Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae infection

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