Detection of Rickettsia massiliae/Bar29 and Rickettsia conorii in red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) and their Rhipicephalus sanguineus complex ticks

Ortuño, Anna; Sanfeliú, Isabel; Nogueras, María Mercedes; Pons, Immaculada; López-Claessens, S.; Castellà, Joaquim; Antón, Ester; Segura, Ferrán

doi:10.1016/j.ttbdis.2018.02.002

Cited by 16 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Other authors confirmed in serological studies that foxes were exposed to R. typhi, R. slovaca, R. conorii and R. massiliae/Bar29(Lledó et al, 2016;Ortuño et al, 2018). R. helvetica was detected in foxes from Sweitzerland (Hofmann-Lehmann et al, 2016) Ortuño et al (2018). reported that Rhipicephalus sanguineus complex ticks collected from red…”

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confidence: 84%

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Pathogen screening in the red fox (Vulpes Vulpes) from Lithuania

Paulauskas¹,

Sakalauskas²,

Lipatova³

et al. 2020

biologija

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The aim of this study was to screen free-ranging red foxes from Lithuania for the presence of different vector-borne pathogens. A total of 31 red foxes from three districts of Lithuania were molecularly tested for the presence of pathogens. Five different pathogens were detected in 83.9% of red foxes: Anaplasma spp., Bartonella spp., Rickettsia spp., Borrellia spp. and Babesia spp. The presence of Mycoplasma spp. and Dirofilaria spp. was not detected in our study.

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confidence: 84%

“…Numbers given in the table indicate the number of red foxes infected with pathogens/number of red foxes tested.foxes were infected with R. massiliae, R. aeschlimannii, and R. slovaca(Ortuño et al, 2018). In France, arthropods collected from red foxes showed Rickettsia-positive results.…”

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confidence: 99%

Pathogen screening in the red fox (Vulpes Vulpes) from Lithuania

Paulauskas¹,

Sakalauskas²,

Lipatova³

et al. 2020

biologija

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“…In the temperate climate zone, hard ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) are regarded as the most important vectors of pathogens [13]. Among them, Ixodes persulcatus, Ixodes ricinus, Ixodes hexagonus, Ixodes kaiseri, Ixodescanisuga, Dermacentor reticulatus, Dermacentor marginatus, Haemaphysalis punctata and Rhipicephalus sanguineus were reported from red foxes [10,[14][15][16]. In Spain, Rickettsia massiliae, Rickettsia aeschlimannii and Rickettsia slovaca were detected in red fox ticks [10].…”

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confidence: 99%

Rickettsiae in Red Fox (Vulpes Vulpes), Marbled Polecat (Vormela Peregusna) and Their Ticks in Northwestern China

Liu

Zhao

Tan

et al. 2020

Preprint

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BackgroundPreviously, twelve Rickettsia species were found in ticks, fleas, sheep keds (Melophagus ovinus), bats (common pipistrelle: Pipistrellus pipistrellus) and a tick-bitten patient in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region (XUAR), northwestern China. Here we aimed to molecularly detect rickettsial agents in red fox (Vulpes vulpes), marbled polecat (Vormela peregusna) and their ticks.MethodsDuring 2018-2019, 12 red foxes, 1 marbled polecat and their ticks were sampled in two counties and a city of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region (northwestern China). The heart, liver, spleen, lung and kidney of these 13 carnivores were dissected, followed by DNA extraction. Hard ticks were identified both morphologically and molecularly. All samples were examined for the presence of rickettsiae by amplifying four genetic markers.ResultsA total of 26 adult ticks and 28 nymphs (38 Ixodes canisuga, nine Ixodes kaiseri, six Haemaphysalis erinacei and one Dermacentor marginatus) were collected from red foxes, and four H. erinacei ticks were removed from a marbled polecat. Analysis of cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene sequences indicated that 2-32 nucleotides differed between I. canisuga, I. kaiseri and H. erinacei from northwestern China and Europe. Rickettsia raoultii was detected in three red foxes, Candidatus Rickettsia barbariae in a red fox, Rickettsia sibirica in a red fox and a marbled polecat, and R. raoultii in two tick species (I. canisuga and D. marginatus).ConclusionsTo the best of our knowledge, I. canisuga and I. kaiseri have not been previously reported from red foxes in China. The DNA of R. sibirica and R. raoultii was detected for the first time in organs of red foxes, and R. sibirica in organs of marbled polecat. This is also the first molecular evidence for the presence of R. raoultii in I. canisuga. Our findings add to the range of tick-borne pathogens in wildlife species and associated ticks in China.

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“…Previously, red foxes were reported to harbor several vector-borne pathogens of public health concern, including tick-borne encephalitis virus [ 3 ], Borrelia burgdorferi [ 4 ], Ehrlichia canis [ 5 ], Leishmania infantum [ 6 ], Hepatozoon canis [ 7 ] and Babesia vulpes [ 8 , 9 ]. A serological investigation of red foxes in Spain indicated that 50.3% had antigens of spotted fever group rickettsiae, including Rickettsia massiliae and R. conorii [ 10 ]. In addition, immunofluorescence assay showed that 1.9% of red foxes had antibodies to R. typhi , and 6.7% to R .…”

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“…ricinus , I. hexagonus , I. kaiseri , I . canisuga , Dermacentor reticulatus , D. marginatus , Haemaphysalis punctata and Rhipicephalus sanguineus have been reported from red foxes [ 10 , 15 – 17 ]. In Spain, R. massiliae , R. aeschlimannii and R. slovaca were detected in red fox ticks [ 10 ].…”

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confidence: 99%

Rickettsiae in red fox (Vulpes vulpes), marbled polecat (Vormela peregusna) and their ticks in northwestern China

et al. 2021

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Background Previously, twelve Rickettsia species were identified in ticks, fleas, sheep keds (Melophagus ovinus), bats (Pipistrellus pipistrellus) and a tick-bitten patient in the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region (XUAR) in northwestern China. Here we aimed to molecularly detect rickettsial agents in red fox (Vulpes vulpes), marbled polecat (Vormela peregusna) and their ticks. Methods During 2018–2019, 12 red foxes, one marbled polecat and their ticks were sampled in two counties and a city of the XUAR. The heart, liver, spleen, lung and kidney of these 13 carnivores were dissected, followed by DNA extraction. Hard ticks were identified both morphologically and molecularly. All samples were examined for the presence of rickettsiae by amplifying four genetic markers (17-kDa, gltA, ompA, sca1). Results A total of 26 adult ticks and 28 nymphs (38 Ixodes canisuga, nine Ixodes kaiseri, six Haemaphysalis erinacei and one Dermacentor marginatus) were collected from red foxes, and four Ha. erinacei ticks were removed from the marbled polecat. Analysis of cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene sequences indicated that 2–32 nucleotides differed between I. canisuga, I. kaiseri and Ha. erinacei from northwestern China and Europe. Rickettsia raoultii was detected in three red foxes, Candidatus Rickettsia barbariae in a red fox, Rickettsia sibirica in a red fox and a marbled polecat, and R. raoultii in two tick species (I. canisuga and D. marginatus). Conclusions To the best of our knowledge, I. canisuga and I. kaiseri have not been previously reported from red foxes in China. The DNA of R. sibirica and R. raoultii was detected for the first time in the organs of red foxes, and R. sibirica in the organs of a marbled polecat. This is also the first molecular evidence for the presence of R. raoultii in I. canisuga. Our findings expand the range of tick-borne pathogens in wildlife species and associated ticks in China.

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Detection of Rickettsia massiliae/Bar29 and Rickettsia conorii in red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) and their Rhipicephalus sanguineus complex ticks

Cited by 16 publications

References 29 publications

Pathogen screening in the red fox (Vulpes Vulpes) from Lithuania

Pathogen screening in the red fox (Vulpes Vulpes) from Lithuania

Rickettsiae in Red Fox (Vulpes Vulpes), Marbled Polecat (Vormela Peregusna) and Their Ticks in Northwestern China

Rickettsiae in red fox (Vulpes vulpes), marbled polecat (Vormela peregusna) and their ticks in northwestern China

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