Detection of sul1, sul2 and sul3 in sulphonamide resistant Escherichia coli isolates obtained from healthy humans, pork and pigs in Denmark

Hammerum, Anette M.; Sandvang, Dorthe; Andersen, Sigrid Rita; Seyfarth, Anne Mette; Porsbo, Lone Jannok; Frimodt‐Møller, Niels; Heuer, Ole Eske

doi:10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2005.06.023

Cited by 103 publications

(74 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…A total of 68 E. coli from different sources (pig, pork, poultry, poultry meat, mutton, healthy humans, blood stream infections and UTI), years and countries (Denmark and Norway) were chosen for the study (Table 1). Except for the human blood isolates and the Norwegian animal isolates, the isolates were obtained from other studies (Hammerum et al, 2006;Kerrn et al, 2002;Sunde & Norstrom, 2006;Trobos et al, 2008). They were selected by their resistance to sulphonamides and the presence of the sul2 gene.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Among them, the sul2 gene has previously been reported as the most prevalent one in Escherichia coli from pig and pork, poultry and poultry meat, cow and beef, mutton, human faeces and urinary tract infections (UTIs) (Blahna et al, 2006;Gow et al, 2008;Grape et al, 2003;Hammerum et al, 2006;Kerrn et al, 2002;Sunde & Norstrom, 2006;Trobos et al, 2008). Based on a few partial sequences, this gene seems highly conserved, whether it is carried on small nonconjugative or large conjugative resistance plasmids (Radstrom & Swedberg, 1988;Sorum & L'Abee-Lund, 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Characterization of sulphonamide-resistant Escherichia coli using comparison of sul2 gene sequences and multilocus sequence typing

et al. 2009

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The sul2 gene encodes sulphonamide resistance (Sul R ) and is commonly found in Escherichia coli from different hosts. We typed E. coli isolates by multilocus sequence typing (MLST) and compared the results to sequence variation of sul2, in order to investigate the relation to host origin of pathogenic and commensal E. coli strains and to investigate whether transfer of sul2 into different genomic lineages has happened multiple times. Sixty-eight E. coli isolated in Denmark and Norway from different hosts and years were MLST typed and sul2 PCR products were sequenced and compared. PFGE was performed in a subset of isolates. All isolates were divided into 45 different sequence types (STs), with clonal complexes CC10, CC23, CC168, CC350 and CC69 being the most frequent. The sul2 gene from the majority of E. coli strains had only two point mutations, at positions 159 and 197, leading to a synonymous and a non-synonymous change, respectively. Five strains had extra single mutations. All poultry, poultry meat, and Danish human blood isolates had the same sul2 ST and some of these strains clustered under the same MLST STs, indicating that they shared habitats. Most PFGE profiles clustered according to source, but some included different sources. Sul R E. coli from different animals, food, human faeces and infections did not cluster according to their origin, suggesting that these habitats share E. coli and sul2 gene types. However, while pig isolates on one occasion clustered with urinary tract infection isolates, poultry isolates seemed more related to isolates from bloodstream infections in humans. Presence of mainly two types of the sul2 gene in both human and animal isolates, irrespective of date and geography, and the presence of both types in the same clonal lineages, suggest horizontal transfer of sul2.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of sulphonamide-resistant Escherichia coli using comparison of sul2 gene sequences and multilocus sequence typing

et al. 2009

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“…The mechanism of SMX resistance has mostly been studied in Gram-negative bacteria from the Enterobacteriaceae family, mainly in medically relevant E. coli (Kerrn et al, 2002). These bacteria possess three genes for SMX resistance: sul1, sul2 and sul3, but they appear in bacterial isolates only in the case of a high (above 500 mg/l) MIC (minimal inhibitory concentration) value (Hammerum et al, 2006). These bacteria are also ubiquitous in WWTP systems.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The mechanism of sulfonamide-resistance is based on the presence of three types of sulfonamide resistance genes: sul1, sul2 and sul3. The resistance to sulfonamides can be transferred via integrons, transposons or plasmids (Hammerum et al, 2006). In the case of SMX-resistance, recognition of and research on sul genes are the main topics of interest.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection and characteristics of sulfamethoxazole-resistant bacteria in constructed wetlands treating sulfamethoxazole-rich wastewater

Ziembińska-Buczyńska¹,

Wyszyńska²,

Miksch³

2017

bta

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Constructed wetlands (CW) are one of the biological wastewater treatment systems that reflect the natural processes occurring in swamps. Constructed wetlands use microbiological and physico-chemical processes as well as plant metabolism in order to purify wastewater. In such treatment systems, the role of microorganisms is crucial. In this experiment, synthetic communal wastewater containing sulfamethoxazole (SMX; chemotherapeutic) at a concentration of 5 mg/l was applied in the CW systems, both unplanted and planted with Phalaris arundinacea , also known as reed canary grass. Fourteen Gram-positive SMX-resistant bacteria strains were isolated from the CW column fillings and the plant rhizosphere. All of these were identified as representatives of Bacillus sp. based on 16S rRNA sequencing. Despite this molecular identification, the isolates differed significantly in their biochemical features. All 14 isolates presented resistance toward sulfamethoxazole and all 14 strains possessed a sul1 gene, while only 4 gave positive results in sul2 and 3 in sul3 PCR tests. None of the isolated strains possessed all three sul genes. A PCR-DGGE based analysis of the presence of SMX-resistant bacteria in the CW community was undertaken. It was found that none of the isolates represented the dominant genotype in the bacterial community.

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“…Antimicrobial resistance in E. coli is of particular concern because it is the most common Gram-negative pathogen in humans, the most common cause of urinary tract infections and a common cause of both community and hospitalacquired bacteremia. Moreover, the transfer of antibiotic resistance determinants from E. coli to normal flora of gastrointestinal tract has been reported [47]. Due to the fact that consumption of contaminated food has been considered the main route of transmission of drug resistance, relatively little attention has been paid to other routes by which antibiotic resistance can be disseminated, such as natural water, wastewater and soil environments [48].…”

Section: Implications For Human Health; Spread Of Antibiotic Resistanmentioning

confidence: 99%

Survival and Growth of Bacteria in Treated Wastewater and Water Distribution Systems and their Implication in Human Health: A review

Al-Bahry

Paulson

Al-Musharaf

2014

int. arab. j antimicrob. agents

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Multiple antibiotic resistant bacteria (MARB) and antimicrobial drugs enter the environment via wastewater, especially from hospitals and pharmaceutical plants, and through agricultural runoff, leading to contamination of surface and groundwater. This is a serious problem in arid regions such as Oman where wastewater is recycled for irrigation and recharging aquifers. Treatment with chlorine does not completely remove bacteria from wastewater or prevent their re-growth in downstream distribution systems. MARB can infect humans via contaminated food and drinking water, or directly from the environment. Agricultural runoff and sewage, either treated or untreated, are also the main sources of MARB in coastal seawater. It is necessary to use antibiotics more prudently in medicine, treat wastewater more effectively, eliminate the discharge of untreated waste into the environment, and curtail the profligate use of antibiotics as growth promoters for livestock.

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Detection of sul1, sul2 and sul3 in sulphonamide resistant Escherichia coli isolates obtained from healthy humans, pork and pigs in Denmark

Cited by 103 publications

References 9 publications

Characterization of sulphonamide-resistant Escherichia coli using comparison of sul2 gene sequences and multilocus sequence typing

Characterization of sulphonamide-resistant Escherichia coli using comparison of sul2 gene sequences and multilocus sequence typing

Detection and characteristics of sulfamethoxazole-resistant bacteria in constructed wetlands treating sulfamethoxazole-rich wastewater

Survival and Growth of Bacteria in Treated Wastewater and Water Distribution Systems and their Implication in Human Health: A review

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