Detection of temporal trends in atmospheric deposition of inorganic nitrogen and sulphate to forests in Europe

Waldner, Peter; Marchetto, Aldo; Thimonier, Anne; Schmitt, Maria; Rogora, Michela; Granke, Oliver; Mues, Volker; Hansen, Karin; Karlsson, Gunilla Pihl; Žlindra, Daniel; Clarke, Nicholas; Verstraeten, Arne; Lazdiņš, Andis; Schimming, Claus; Iacoban, Carmen; Lindroos, Antti‐Jussi; Vanguelova, Elena; Benham, Sue; Meesenburg, Henning; Nicolas, Manuel; Kowalska, Anna; Apuhtin, Vladislav; Napa, Ülle; Lachmanová, Zora; Kristoefel, Ferdinand; Bleeker, A.; Ingerslev, Morten; Vesterdal, Lars; Molina, Juan; Fischer, Uwe; Seidling, Walter; Jonard, Mathieu; O’Dea, Philip; Johnson, James; Fischer, Richard; Lorenz, Martin

doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2014.06.054

Cited by 161 publications

(102 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Dutch forest soils are still relatively nitrogen-rich, as they are subjected to high nitrogen deposition rates (Waldner et al 2014). In fact, the clay and sandy soils in our study have a low soil C : N ratio compared to other forest soils across Europe: that is, approximately 16 in beech, and 18.5 in spruce forests (Cools et al 2014).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…Compared to other studies on spruce, ergosterol mass on our clay soils was low, but on the sandy soils within the range of values reported in previous studies. Hansson et al (2013) These high values could be attributed to nitrogen deposition that is more than three times higher in the Netherlands than in south Sweden (Waldner et al 2014) and which has a negative effect on mycelium productivity (Bahr et al 2013). We did not find comparable studies that measured mycelium biomass based on ergosterol content in mycorrhizal mesh bags in beech forests.…”

Section: Fine-root Morphological Traits Do No Differ Between Soil Typesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fine-root trait plasticity of beech (Fagus sylvatica) and spruce (Picea abies) forests on two contrasting soils

et al. 2016

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Aim The fine roots of trees may show plastic responses to their resource environment. Several, contrasting hypotheses exist on this plasticity, but empirical evidence for these hypotheses is scattered. This study aims to enhance our understanding of tree root plasticity by examining intra-specific variation in fine-root mass and morphology, fine-root growth and decomposition, and associated mycorrhizal interactions in beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) and spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) forests on soils that differ in resource availability. MethodsWe measured the mass and morphological traits of fine roots (i.e. ≤ 2 mm diameter) sampled to 50 cm depth. Fine-root growth was measured with ingrowth cores, and fine-root decomposition with litter bags. Mycorrhizal fungal biomass was determined using ingrowth mesh bags. Results Both tree species showed more than three times higher fine-root mass, and a ten-fold higher fine-root growth rate on sand than on clay, but no or marginal differences in overall fine-root morphology. Within the fine-root category however, beech stands had relatively more root length of their finest roots on clay than on sand. In the spruce stands, ectomycorrhizal mycelium biomass was larger on sand than on clay. Conclusions In temperate beech and spruce forests, fine-root mass and mycorrhizal fungal biomass, rather than fine-root morphology, are changed to ensure uptake under different soil resource conditions. Yet enhancing our mechanistic understanding of fine-root trait plasticity and how it affects tree growth requires more attention to fine-root dynamics, the functional diversity within the fine-roots, and mycorrhizal symbiosis as an important belowground uptake strategy.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Section: Fine-root Morphological Traits Do No Differ Between Soil Typesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fine-root trait plasticity of beech (Fagus sylvatica) and spruce (Picea abies) forests on two contrasting soils

et al. 2016

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“…The bulk deposition volume was used to derive the precipitation quantity (P). Annual BD, TF and P values were calculated for each plot and year as described in Waldner et al (2014).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exceedance of critical loads and of critical limits impacts tree nutrition across Europe

Waldner

Thimonier

Pannatier

et al. 2015

Annals of Forest Science

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International audienceAbstractKey messageExceedance of critical limits in soil solution samples was more frequent in intensively monitored forest plots across Europe with critical loads for acidity and eutrophication exceeded compared to other plots from the same network. Elevated inorganic nitrogen concentrations in soil solution tended to be related to less favourable nutritional status.ContextForests have been exposed to elevated atmospheric deposition of acidifying and eutrophying sulphur and nitrogen compounds for decades. Critical loads have been identified, below which damage due to acidification and eutrophication are not expected to occur.AimsWe explored the relationship between the exceedance of critical loads and inorganic nitrogen concentration, the base cation to aluminium ratio in soil solutions, as well as the nutritional status of trees.MethodsWe used recent data describing deposition, elemental concentrations in soil solution and foliage, as well as the level of damage to foliage recorded at forest plots of the ICP Forests intensive monitoring network across Europe.ResultsCritical loads for inorganic nitrogen deposition were exceeded on about a third to half of the forest plots. Elevated inorganic nitrogen concentrations in soil solution occurred more frequently among these plots. Indications of nutrient imbalances, such as low magnesium concentration in foliage or discolouration of needles and leaves, were seldom but appeared more frequently on plots where the critical limits for soil solution were exceeded.ConclusionThe findings support the hypothesis that elevated nitrogen and sulphur deposition can lead to imbalances in tree nutrition

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“…)-is one of the primary factors affecting forest ecosystems [1][2][3]. Atmospheric deposition is another major factor causing various changes in the forest environment [4]. Forest productivity [5,6] and resilience to climate change [7,8] can be greatly influenced as well by silvicultural practices, particularly by thinnings.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Major Changes in Growth Rate and Growth Variability of Beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) Related to Soil Alteration and Climate Change in Belgium

Latte

Perin

Kint

et al. 2016

Forests

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Global change-particularly climate change, forest management, and atmospheric deposition-has significantly altered forest growing conditions in Europe. The influences of these changes on beech growth (Fagus sylvatica L.) were investigated for the past 80 years in Belgium, using non-linear mixed effects models on ring-width chronologies of 149 mature and dominant beech trees (87-186 years old). The effects of the developmental stage (i.e., increasing tree size) were filtered out in order to focus on time-dependent growth changes. Beech radial growth was divided into a low-frequency signal (=growth rate), mainly influenced by forest management and atmospheric deposition, and into a high-frequency variability («mean sensitivity), mainly influenced by climate change. Between 1930 and 2008, major long-term and time-dependent changes were highlighted. The beech growth rate has decreased by about 38% since the 1950-1960s, and growth variability has increased by about 45% since the 1970-1980s. Our results indicate that (1) before the 1980s, beech growth rate was not predominantly impacted by climate change but rather by soil alteration (i.e., soil compaction and/or nitrogen deposition); and (2) since the 1980s, climate change induced more frequent and intense yearly growth reductions that amplified the growth rate decrease. The highlighted changes were similar in the two ecoregions of Belgium, although more pronounced in the lowlands than in the uplands.

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Detection of temporal trends in atmospheric deposition of inorganic nitrogen and sulphate to forests in Europe

Cited by 161 publications

References 43 publications

Fine-root trait plasticity of beech (Fagus sylvatica) and spruce (Picea abies) forests on two contrasting soils

Fine-root trait plasticity of beech (Fagus sylvatica) and spruce (Picea abies) forests on two contrasting soils

Exceedance of critical loads and of critical limits impacts tree nutrition across Europe

Major Changes in Growth Rate and Growth Variability of Beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) Related to Soil Alteration and Climate Change in Belgium

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