Detection of the Magnetic Easy Direction in Steels Using Induced Magnetic Fields

Silva, Edgard M.; Paula, Alysson M. R.; Leite, Josinaldo Pereira; Leite, João Pereira; Andrade, Lucia S. S.; Albuquerque, Victor Hugo C. de; Tavares, João Manuel R. S.

doi:10.3390/met6120317

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…There are various methods of measuring the anisotropic magnetic properties such as: the rotational, torque measurement, magnetic hysteresis loop measurement and induced magnetic field measurement [1,11,12]. Recently, the possibility of determining directional magnetic properties by magnetic Barkhausen noise (MBN) has also been studied [13][14][15][16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Time-Frequency Analysis of Barkhausen Noise for the Needs of Anisotropy Evaluation of Grain-Oriented Steels

Maciusowicz

Psuj

2020

Sensors

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The paper presents a new approach to obtain information on magnetic anisotropy in Si–Fe grain oriented ferromagnetic steel based on the observation of the magnetic Barkhausen noise (MBN). Until now, in the literature one can only notice the MBN study of magnetic anisotropy in steels carried out in a single time or frequency domain. However, due to the observed high variability of the dynamics of the MBN phenomenon over its occurrence period, depending on the steel properties, the idea of utilization of combined time and frequency representations to obtain new or supplementary information arises. For this purpose, the MBN phenomenon was observed in various directions for steels with oriented magnetic properties. Then, using the short-time Fourier transform, time-frequency (TF) distributions were determined and features vectors enabling the quantification of crucial information were determined. Before performing the final experiments, a series of tests were carried out for different measuring conditions. As a result, it was possible to adjust the conditions enabling us to obtain the highest possible sensitivity for MBN and discrimination level between directional properties in the material. Then, an algorithm of detailed analysis and division of the TF representation into subranges was proposed, enabling the extraction of more detailed information about the phenomena occurring during the magnetization process. This allowed us to clearly indicate and then separate three areas of MBN main activity. Finally, the obtained angular distributions of selected features were presented and discussed, and further conclusions were given.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Time-Frequency Analysis of Barkhausen Noise for the Needs of Anisotropy Evaluation of Grain-Oriented Steels

Maciusowicz

Psuj

2020

Sensors

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“…To determine the directions of the axes of easy and hard magnetization, various methods [5][6][7][8][9] have been used for example: induced magnetic field [7], torque [5] or mag-netization curves [5] measurement methods. A promising method for measuring axes of easy and hard magnetization is the magnetic Barkhausen noise method.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Classification of Grain-Oriented Electrical Steel Sheets by Magnetic Barkhausen Noise Using Time-Frequency Analysis and Selected Machine Learning Algorithms

Maciusowicz

Psuj

2022

Applied Sciences

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In this paper, a combination of Magnetic Barkhausen Noise (MBN) and several classical machine learning (ML) methods were used to evaluate both the grade and the magnetic directions of conventional and high grain oriented electrical sheets subjected to selected surface engineering methods. The presented analysis was conducted to compare the performance of two machine learning approaches, classical ML and deep learning (DL), in reference to the same MBN examination problem and based on the same database. Thus, during the experiment, 26 classical ML algorithms were used including decision trees, discriminant analysis, support vector machines, naïve Bayes, nearest neighbor, artificial neural networks and ensemble classifiers. The experiments were carried out considering a different number of recognized magnetic directions and hence the number of determined classes as well. The results of classification accuracy of the applied ML methods were compared with those obtained for the DL model presented in a previous paper. The highest accuracy was obtained for ML models based on artificial neural networks and ensemble bagged trees. However, the accuracy did not reach 89% in the best case—for the smallest number of determined classes. Nevertheless, the achieved results generally indicated an approx. 10 percent advantage of the deep learning model over the classical ones in terms of accuracy in each of the considered cases.

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“…In measurement practice, several different methods are used to study the magnetic anisotropic properties, including rotational method, torque measurement, magnetic hysteresis loop, and an induced magnetic field measurement [ 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 ]. The magnetic Barkhausen noise (MBN) has also become an perspective testing method [ 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of Grain Oriented SiFe Steels Based on Imaging the Instantaneous Dynamics of Magnetic Barkhausen Noise Using Short-Time Fourier Transform and Deep Convolutional Neural Network

2021

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This paper presents a new approach to the extraction and analysis of information contained in magnetic Barkhausen noise (MBN) for evaluation of grain oriented (GO) electrical steels. The proposed methodology for MBN analysis is based on the combination of the Short-Time Fourier Transform for the observation of the instantaneous dynamics of the phenomenon and deep convolutional neural networks (DCNN) for the extraction of hidden information and building the knowledge. The use of DCNN makes it possible to find even complex and convoluted rules of the Barkhausen phenomenon course, difficult to determine based solely on the selected features of MBN signals. During the tests, several samples made of conventional and high permeability GO steels were tested at different angles between the rolling and transverse directions. The influences of the angular resolution and the proposed additional prediction update algorithm on the DCNN accuracy were investigated, obtaining the highest gain for the angle of 3.6°, for which the overall accuracy exceeded 80%. The obtained results indicate that the proposed new solution combining time–frequency analysis and DCNN for the quantification of information from MBN having stochastic nature may be a very effective tool in the characterization of the magnetic materials.

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Detection of the Magnetic Easy Direction in Steels Using Induced Magnetic Fields

Cited by 9 publications

References 39 publications

Time-Frequency Analysis of Barkhausen Noise for the Needs of Anisotropy Evaluation of Grain-Oriented Steels

Time-Frequency Analysis of Barkhausen Noise for the Needs of Anisotropy Evaluation of Grain-Oriented Steels

Classification of Grain-Oriented Electrical Steel Sheets by Magnetic Barkhausen Noise Using Time-Frequency Analysis and Selected Machine Learning Algorithms

Identification of Grain Oriented SiFe Steels Based on Imaging the Instantaneous Dynamics of Magnetic Barkhausen Noise Using Short-Time Fourier Transform and Deep Convolutional Neural Network

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