Detection of vapors of explosives and explosive-related compounds by ultraviolet cavity ringdown spectroscopy

Ramos, Christopher; Dagdigian, Paul J.

doi:10.1364/ao.46.000620

Cited by 42 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Therefore, fluctuations in laser intensity do not influence the accuracy of the measurement. For explosives, sub-ppb detection limits have been reported [70] using CRDS in the UV spectral range. Despite the high sensitivity they discuss the disadvantage of comparing poor selectivity in the UV range and possible interference with ozone, and propose the combination of their sensor with a second, less sensitive but more selective one [70].…”

Section: Cavity Ring Down Spectroscopymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For explosives, sub-ppb detection limits have been reported [70] using CRDS in the UV spectral range. Despite the high sensitivity they discuss the disadvantage of comparing poor selectivity in the UV range and possible interference with ozone, and propose the combination of their sensor with a second, less sensitive but more selective one [70]. Todd et al use CRDS in the MIR spectral region with an optical parametric oscillator as laser source and report ppb level detection for TNT, TATP, RDX, PETN, and Tetryl, and anticipate the possibility of detecting 75 ppt TNT with pre-concentration [35].…”

Section: Cavity Ring Down Spectroscopymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Detection of Explosives

Schade

Orghici

Mordmüller

et al. 2012

Handbook of Biophotonics

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Nowadays, much attention is given to the detection of explosives in order to prevent terrorist activities and assure security at airports, aviation, public transportation, convention halls, concerts, and so on. The location of undetonated and buried landmines is also a matter of great importance that could help to minimize fatalities and injuries among civilians caused by mines detonating. Another problem related to the use of explosives is the fact that nitrogen-based explosives, such as trinitrotoluene (TNT), are toxic and able to rapidly penetrate the skin, leading to significant health problems [1,2]. For this reason, the sensing of hazardous substances may be of great interest at many facilities, where explosive materials were/are still manufactured and deposited, in order to avoid contamination of the soil or groundwater with the toxic compounds that can result from improper waste disposal, and to ensure the safety of both workers and nearby residents.As can be seen, the detection of explosives is a significant task in the field of security and environmental analysis. Over the last several years major efforts have been focused on developing innovative sensing devices, capable of detecting hazardous species. In contrast to commonly used methods, such as ion mobility spectrometry (IMS), gas chromatography, or mass spectrometry, that require sampling for performing analysis and are relatively cost-intensive, optical methods are ideally suited for a fast online and in situ detection of hazardous substances due to their contact-free and nondestructive operation.However, at the present time, there is no sensing system available which can identify all explosive compounds, promising high sensitivity, selectivity, and low false-alarm rate, simultaneously. Depending on the nature of the applications, sensing devices based on different laser spectroscopic methods have been developed, each of them offering high efficiency for a specific type of explosive material. A reliable detection of explosive traces in the vapor phase or in the form of particles, essential for security applications, can only be achieved by combining the sensing methods and their respective features. In the following, an overview of several laser-

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Section: Cavity Ring Down Spectroscopymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Cavity Ring Down Spectroscopymentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of Explosives

Schade

Orghici

Mordmüller

et al. 2012

Handbook of Biophotonics

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“…They determined the LOD of TNT vapor by CRDS is less than 1 ppb. Ramos and Dagdigian recently presented a comprehensive study of the detection of vapors of DNBs and DNTs by UV CRDS (153). Their work showed that UV CRDS can detect ERCs at sub-ppb levels without any preconcentration.…”

Section: Uv/vis Absorptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laser-Based Detection Methods for Explosives

Munson¹,

Gottfried²,

Lucia³

et al. 2007

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“…Various vapor sensors for explosive detection have been proposed and under intensive study, including electrochemical sensors 1-3 , surface acoustic wave (SAW) sensors [4][5][6] , quartz crystal mcrobalance sensors 7,8 , cantilever sensors 9, 10 , luminescencebased sensors [11][12][13] , spectroscopy [14][15][16] , and refractive index (IR) based optical sensors 17,18 . Some of these sensing techniques have achieved very high sensitivity towards common explosive ananlytes, for instance, 2, 4-dinitrotoluene (DNT) and 2, 4, 6-trinitrotoluene (TNT).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of explosive analytes using a fiber-based optical Fabry-Perot gas sensor

et al. 2010

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We demonstrate the rapid detection of explosive vapors based on a fiber-based optical Fabry-Pérot (FP) gas sensor. The sensing probe of the FP sensor is composed of a thin metal layer and a vapor-sensitive polymer layer that are deposited sequentially on a cleaved fiber endface to form an FP cavity. The interference spectrum generated from the reflected light at the metal-polymer and polymer-air interfaces changes upon the absorption of gas analyte. By monitoring the interference shift, we are able to obtain quantitative and knetic information of the interaction between the analyte and the polymer layer. We further assemble the FP sensor with a short fused silica capillary into a sensor module, and employ it in a gas chromotgraphy (GC) system for selevtive rapid on-column detection. In this report, we specifically target 2, 4-dinitrotoluene (DNT) and 2, 4, 6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) for their obvious defense applications. This work could lead to a portable sensor capable of detecting low concentrations of DNT, TNT, and other explosive chemicals.

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Detection of vapors of explosives and explosive-related compounds by ultraviolet cavity ringdown spectroscopy

Cited by 42 publications

References 27 publications

Detection of Explosives

Detection of Explosives

Laser-Based Detection Methods for Explosives

Detection of explosive analytes using a fiber-based optical Fabry-Perot gas sensor

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