Determinación simplificada del contenido de Lignina en paja de trigo por método volumetrico y su caracterización química.

Abstract

ResumenEl uso de biomasa lignocelulósica como fuente de energía renovable se ha convertido progresivamente en un tema fundamental. Grandes esfuerzos se están realizando enfocados en la identificación y caracterización de biomasa adecuada que pueda ser utilizada para el reemplazo de combustibles fósiles convencionales. El principal objetivo del presente estudio es determinar la correlación que existe entre los parámetros del No. Kappa y el contenido de lignina en la paja de trigo y hacer un análisis químico de la paja de trigo que queda como residuo agrícola del cultivo de Trigo en el Valle de Mexicali, México; todo esto para su futuro uso como biocombustible de siguiente generación. Se realizaron los análisis de Humedad, cenizas, Proteína cruda, carbono orgánico, extraíbles en hexano, extraíbles en acetona, extraíbles en agua, No. Kappa, lignina, hemicelulosa y celulosa. Las muestras de paja de trigo fueron posteriormente caracterizadas por Espectroscopia de infrarrojo por transformadas de Fourier para la asociación del contenido de lignina con los resultados reportados. Un factor de correlación de 0.239 entre el No. Kappa y el contenido de lignina se determinó en base a manejo de datos para diferentes tipos de muestras de paja de trigo con la finalidad de poder determinar el contenido de lignina por un método de análisis más sencillo y rápido para estudios posteriores de delignificación de la paja del trigo. AbstractThe use of lignocellulosic biomass as a renewable energy source has gradually become a major issue. Great efforts are being made focused on the identification and characterization of suitable biomass which can be used to replace conventional fossil fuels. Selection of this biomass requires reliable and rapid methods for compositional characterization of plant material. Many standard analytical methods are laborious and slow. The use of simpler and more rapid methods have proved to be invaluable in biomass analysis. The main objective of this study is to determine the correlation between the parameters of Kappa number and the Klason lignin content in different samples of wheat straw with the purpose of determining the lignin content by a simpler and quicker method of analysis. The biomass was examined physiochemically to understand its compositional characteristics through analytical approaches such as gravimetric and volumetric methods. The results indicate 0.239 as a correlation factor between Kappa number y Klason lignin content for wheat straw. Further, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy was used to indicate characteristic absorption bands of the constituents in the different used samples.

Reuse of Barley Straw for Handmade Paper Production

“…With reference to humidity, oat straw showed the highest value with 11.9%, followed by triticale straw with 9.1% and finally barley straw with 8.1% of moisture. Table 2 shows the results from other authors, where the values range from 5.35% to 9.10% [25][26][27]. Therefore, the moisture content showed by samples were favorable, because the ranges obtained in this investigation for the raw material are within the specifications for the manufacture of paper.…”

“…The sample that obtained the highest percentage of holocellulose was the triticale straw with 73%, which is very close to that reported by Vargas et al [28] for barley straw, which is of 73.8%. Table 2 shows the results of other authors, where the values range from 56.3% to 80.1% by holocellulose [25,26,[28][29][30][31]. This data is of great importance as the results are close to those found in some woods, these being the main raw material in the production of paper, which gives us an idea of the possible cellulose yield that will be obtained.…”

“…The results of the ash content are shown in Table 2, where it can be observed that the barley straw showed a percentage of 5.7%, followed by the triticale straw with 4.8% and oat straw of 4.5%. According to the references, the values range from 0.49% to 15.2% for straw [25][26][27][28][29][30][31]. Based on the data obtained, the ash content is lower than 6% in all the samples, which is of importance because in this type of compound, the content must range between 1-10% and this value is within the range.…”

“…Barley straw is the sample that showed the highest percentage of protein with 10.3%, followed by triticale straw having 8.9% protein, and finally oat straw with 8.9% protein. According to the references, the values found range from 1.30% to 7.72% for straw [25][26][27]. The protein content in the samples is a good factor, because this type of compound will not affect the production of paper, since these are eliminated during the process of obtaining cellulose and paper.…”

“…Regarding oat straw, there are reports of 37.9% [42]. In the literature, we find works on straws from other cereals, such as corn with 44% [42], Rice with 28-36% [43], Wheat with 39.7% [42], 39.7% [44], 34.8 [25]. In general, it can be observed that the values of cereal straws for α-cellulose are greater than 30%, with the exception of Triticale, which has a very low value of 18.3%.…”